JBuilder+Hibernate+Tomcat快速入门

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JBuilder+Hibernate+Tomcat快速入门

高科华
 

作者简介:高科华,南京航空学院计算数学专业硕士,有十年以上的企业信息化工作经验。目前的研究兴趣,J2EE企业应用、ERP软件研发、数据仓库系统研发。
作者声明:本文没有最后定稿。

本文给出了用JBuilder开发Hibernate+Tomcat Web应用的一般步骤。

 

1.        下载hibernate-2.1.x.zip
http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/hibernate/?sort_by=date&sort=desc

2.        安装,将zip文件解压到JBuilder_HOME\ thirdparty

3.        在JBuilder2005中新建hibernate库,选择菜单Tools-Configure-Libraries,在弹出的对话框中点击New按钮,输入hibernate库的名称:hibernate,点击Add按钮,将hibernate目录中的文件hibernate2.jar增加到hibernate库中,根据需要将hibernate\lib目录中的相应的*.jar增加到hibernate库中,一般需要这些类库:dom4j、CGLIB、Commons Collections、Commons Logging、ODMG4、EHCache

4.        新建工程文件,选菜单File-New Project,给工程文件取名为myProject

设置工程文件的属性,选菜单Project-Project Properties,选择Tomcat作为服务器,将hibernate库加入Path/Required Libraries。

5.        新建Web模块,选菜单File-New,给Web模块取名为quickstart

6.        用servlet向导新建一个servlet文件,选菜单File-New,在弹出的对话框中选择Web-Standard Servlet,取名为Servlet1,在向导的第五步选择Create a runtime configuration

7.        运行Servlet1

8.         将quickstart\Tomcat\conf目录中的文件server8080.xml加入工程文件,修改server8080.xml的内容

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<Server debug="0" port="8081" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">

  <Service name="Catalina">

    <Connector acceptCount="10" connectionTimeout="60000" debug="0" maxThreads="75" minSpareThreads="5" port="8080"/>

    <Engine debug="0" defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina">

      <Host appBase="C:\jbproject\quickstart\Tomcat\webapps" autoDeploy="false" debug="0" deployXML="false" name="localhost" unpackWARs="false">

        <!--Context debug="0" docBase="C:\jbproject\quickstart\quickstart" path="/quickstart" reloadable="true" workDir="C:\jbproject\quickstart\Tomcat\work\quickstart"/-->

        <Context path="/quickstart" docBase="C:\jbproject\quickstart\quickstart" workDir="C:\jbproject\quickstart\Tomcat\work\quickstart">

          <Resource name="jdbc/quickstart" scope="Shareable" type="javax.sql.DataSource"/>

          <ResourceParams name="jdbc/quickstart">

            <parameter>

              <name>factory</name>

              <value>org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSourceFactory</value>

            </parameter>

            <!-- DBCP database connection settings -->

            <parameter>

              <name>url</name>

              <value>jdbc:hsqldb:hsql://localhost</value>

              <!--value>jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://nt04:1433;DatabaseName=test</value-->

            </parameter>

            <parameter>

              <name>driverClassName</name>

              <value>org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver</value>

              <!--value>com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver</value-->

            </parameter>

            <parameter>

              <name>username</name>

             <value>sa</value>

            </parameter>

            <parameter>

              <name>password</name>

              <value></value>

            </parameter>

            <!-- DBCP connection pooling options -->

            <parameter>

              <name>maxWait</name>

              <value>3000</value>

            </parameter>

            <parameter>

              <name>maxIdle</name>

              <value>100</value>

            </parameter>

            <parameter>

              <name>maxActive</name>

              <value>10</value>

            </parameter>

          </ResourceParams>

        </Context>

      </Host>

    </Engine>

  </Service>

</Server>

 

9.        设置hibernate,在quickstart\src目录中新建文件hibernate.cfg.xml如下:

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration

    PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD//EN"

    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-2.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>

    <session-factory>

        <property name="connection.datasource">java:comp/env/jdbc/quickstart</property>

        <property name="show_sql">false</property>

        <property name="dialect">net.sf.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect</property>

        <!-- Mapping files -->

        <mapping resource="Cat.hbm.xml"/>

    </session-factory>

</hibernate-configuration>

 

 

10.    新建一个持久类

 

package net.sf.hibernate.examples.quickstart;

public class Cat {

    private String id;

    private String name;

    private char sex;

    private float weight;

    public Cat() {

    }

 

    public String getId() {

        return id;

    }

 

    private void setId(String id) {

        this.id = id;

    }

 

    public String getName() {

        return name;

    }

 

    public void setName(String name) {

        this.name = name;

    }

 

    public char getSex() {

        return sex;

    }

 

    public void setSex(char sex) {

        this.sex = sex;

    }

 

    public float getWeight() {

        return weight;

    }

 

    public void setWeight(float weight) {

        this.weight = weight;

    }

 

}

 

11.    在quickstart\src目录中新建影射文件cat.hbm.xml如下:

 

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping

    PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD//EN"

    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-2.0.dtd">

 

<hibernate-mapping>

 

    <class name="net.sf.hibernate.examples.quickstart.Cat" table="CAT">

 

        <!-- A 32 hex character is our surrogate key. It's automatically

            generated by Hibernate with the UUID pattern. -->

        <id name="id" type="string" unsaved-value="null" >

            <column name="CAT_ID" sql-type="char(32)" not-null="true"/>

            <generator class="uuid.hex"/>

        </id>

 

        <!-- A cat has to have a name, but it shouldn' be too long. -->

        <property name="name">

            <column name="NAME" length="16" not-null="true"/>

        </property>

 

        <property name="sex"/>

 

        <property name="weight"/>

 

    </class>

 

</hibernate-mapping>

 

12.   准备数据库

13.   新建一个类HibernateUtil

import net.sf.hibernate.*;

import net.sf.hibernate.cfg.*;

 

public class HibernateUtil {

 

    private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HibernateUtil.class);

 

    private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory;

 

    static {

        try {

            // Create the SessionFactory

            sessionFactory = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();

        } catch (Throwable ex) {

            log.error("Initial SessionFactory creation failed.", ex);

            throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);

        }

    }

 

    public static final ThreadLocal session = new ThreadLocal();

 

    public static Session currentSession() throws HibernateException {

        Session s = (Session) session.get();

        // Open a new Session, if this Thread has none yet

        if (s == null) {

            s = sessionFactory.openSession();

            session.set(s);

        }

        return s;

    }

 

    public static void closeSession() throws HibernateException {

        Session s = (Session) session.get();

        session.set(null);

        if (s != null)

            s.close();

    }

}

 

 

14.   修改Servlet1.java

 

package net.sf.hibernate.examples.quickstart;

 

import javax.servlet.*;

import javax.servlet.http.*;

import java.io.*;

import java.util.*;

import net.sf.hibernate.Transaction;

import net.sf.hibernate.HibernateException;

import net.sf.hibernate.Session;

import net.sf.hibernate.Query;

 

public class Servlet1 extends HttpServlet {

    private static final String CONTENT_TYPE = "text/html; charset=Big5";

    private HibernateUtil hibernateUtil = null;

 

    //Initialize global variables

    public void init() throws ServletException {

    }

 

    //Process the HTTP Get request

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws

            ServletException, IOException {

        response.setContentType(CONTENT_TYPE);

        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

 

        hibernateUtil = new HibernateUtil();

        try {

            Session session = hibernateUtil.currentSession();

            Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

            Cat princess = new Cat();

            princess.setName("Princess");

            princess.setSex('F');

            princess.setWeight(7.4f);

 

            session.save(princess);

            tx.commit();

 

 

            Query query = session.createQuery(

                    "select c from Cat as c where c.sex = :sex");

            query.setCharacter("sex", 'F');

 

            out.println("<html>");

            out.println("<head><title>Servlet1</title></head>");

            out.println("<body bgcolor=\"#ffffff\">");

 

            for (Iterator it = query.iterate(); it.hasNext(); ) {

                Cat cat = (Cat) it.next();

                out.println("<p>Female Cat: " + cat.getName()+"</p>");

            }

 

            out.println("</body>");

            out.println("</html>");

            out.close();

 

            tx.commit();

 

            HibernateUtil.closeSession();

        } catch (HibernateException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

    }

 

    //Process the HTTP Post request

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws

            ServletException, IOException {

        doGet(request, response);

    }

 

    //Process the HTTP Put request

    public void doPut(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws

            ServletException, IOException {

    }

 

    //Clean up resources

    public void destroy() {

    }

}

 

 

15.      再次运行Servlet1,报错。

16.      设置工程文件的属性,选菜单Project-Project Properties,在弹出的对话框中选择Build-Resource-xml,选择选择按钮Copy。这一步是为了在重建工程文件时把src目录中的xml文件拷贝到classes目录中。

17.      再次运行Servlet1,你将看到使用了hibernate后的显示结果。

 

 

“hibernate.cfg.xml not found”。

用JUnit测试时,文件hibernate.cfg.xml中需增加如下内容:

    <property name="connection.driver_class">org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver</property>

    <property name="connection.url">jdbc:hsqldb:hsql://localhost</property>

    <property name="username">sa</property>

    <property name="password"></property>

 

    <property name="connection.provider_class"> net.sf.hibernate.connection.DBCPConnectionProvider</property>

    <property name="connection.pool_size">50</property>

    <property name="dbcp.maxActive">100</property>

    <property name="dbcp.whenExhaustedAction">1</property>

    <property name="dbcp.maxWait">120000</property>

<property name="dbcp.maxIdle">10</property>

 

 

参考资源

http://www.hibernate.org/hib_docs/reference/en/html/quickstart.html

 

 

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