Manpage of EMC powermt-- PowerPath 4.x Management Utility

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

NAME
     powermt - PowerPath 4.x Management Utility

SYNOPSIS
     powermt check [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}] [force]
          [hba=hba#|all] [dev=path|device|all]

     powermt check_registration

     powermt config

     powermt display|watch [paths|ports]
          [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}] [every=seconds]
     powermt display|watch [ports] [dev=device|all]
          [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}] [every=seconds]

     powermt display options

     powermt display unmanaged

     powermt load [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}]
          [file=pathname]

     powermt manage {dev=device|class={hitachi|hpxp|ess}}

     powermt remove [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}] [force]
          hba=hba#|all | dev=path|device|all
     powermt remove [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}] [force]
          hba=hba#|all dev=path|device|all

     powermt restore [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}] [force]
          [hba=hba#|all] [dev=path|device|all]

     powermt save [file=pathname]

     powermt set periodic_autorestore=on|off
          [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}]

     powermt set mode=active|standby
          [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}]
          [hba=hba#|all] [dev=path|device|all]

     powermt set policy=policy [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}]
          [dev=device|all]

     powermt set priority=priority# [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}]
          [dev=device|all]

     powermt set transparent=on|off [dev=device|all]

     powermt set write_throttle=on|off [class=symm] [dev=device|all]

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

     powermt set write_throttle_queue=queue_depth#
          [class=symm] [dev=path|device|all]

     powermt unmanage {dev=device|class={hitachi|hpxp|ess}}

     powermt update lun_names

     powermt version

DESCRIPTION
     The powermt utility is used to configure and restore paths
     to logical devices, validate and check logical device serial
     numbers, display information about HBAs and PowerPath
     devices, and set load-balancing and failover policies.

     A logical device is the smallest addressable storage unit.
     An entity managed and presented by a storage system, a
     logical device comprises one or more physical disks or
     sections of physical disks.

     A PowerPath device is created by PowerPath for each logical
     device discovered by the PowerPath driver. There is a one-
     to-one relationship between a PowerPath device and a logical
     device. A PowerPath device is also referred to as a pseudo
     device.

     In contrast, a native device is created by the operating
     system to represent and provide access to a logical device.
     The device is "native" in that it is provided by the
     operating system.

     In PowerPath, an I/O path, or path, refers to the route
     travelled by data between a host and a logical device. A
     path comprises an HBA, one or more cables, a switch or hub
     (Fibre Channel only), a storage system interface and port,
     and a logical device. Typically, a native device represents
     a single path to a logical device.

  Prerequisites to Executing powermt
     By default, the PowerPath installation process sets the file
     permissions so that only the superuser (root) can run
     powermt.  You can allow other users to run powermt by
     changing access permissions on the powermt command, by
     setting the setuid/setgid bits.

  Executing powermt
     To run powermt, type any of the commands listed in
     "SYNOPSIS" at the shell prompt.

  dev Argument Specification
     Several powermt commands have a dev argument. Depending on
     the command, this argument can specify a logical device or a

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

     path.

     dev acts on paths in the following commands:

     powermt check
     powermt remove
     powermt restore
     powermt set mode
     powermt set write_throttle_queue (acts on ports associated
     with paths)

     dev acts on logical devices in the following commands:

     powermt display
     powermt manage
     powermt set policy
     powermt set priority
     powermt set transparent
     powermt set write_throttle
     powermt unmanage

     You can specify either a PowerPath device or a native/path
     device in the dev argument. The dev argument is context
     specific. powermt interprets the meaning of the argument
     based on the context of the command being executed:

          For commands that act on paths, specifying a PowerPath
          device causes the command to be applied to all paths
          associated with the device; specifying an associated
          native/path device causes the command to be applied
          only to that path.

          For commands that act on logical devices, you can
          specify the logical device using either the PowerPath
          device or any of the native/path devices associated
          with that logical device.

     Correct dev arguments are as follows:

     AIX

          To specify a device
               hdiskpower# or #

          To specify a path
               hdisk#

          Examples
               hdiskpower3, 3, hdisk3

     HP-UX

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

          To specify a device
               N/A

          To specify a path
               c#t#d#

          Examples
               c1t2d2

     Solaris

          To specify a device
               emcpower#[a-h] or #

          To specify a path
               c#t#d#[s0-s7]

          Examples
               emcpower2a, 2, c1t1d1

COMMANDS
     powermt check [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}] [force]
          [hba=hba#|all] [dev=path|device|all]

          powermt check checks specified paths and, if desired, removes from
          the PowerPath configuration any paths marked dead.

          If a path is marked dead or the serial numbers encoded
          in the path configuration information do not match the
          serial numbers on the logical device, powermt check
          prompts you to remove the path:

          Warning: storage_system I/O path path_name is dead.
          Do you want to remove it (y/n/a/q)?

          Valid responses are:

          y    Remove the dead path, and continue checking
               remaining paths.

          n    Do not remove the path, but continue checking
               remaining paths.

          a    Remove the dead path and any subsequent paths
               marked dead.

          q    Do not remove the dead path, and exit the command.
               Any paths that were already removed remain
               removed.

          If the PowerPath license is invalid, powermt check
          issues a warning and continues its processing. Use

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

          powermt check_registration to determine the problem
          with the PowerPath license.

          Arguments

          class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}
               Limits the command to the specified type of
               storage system. all specifies all storage-system
               types. The default is all.  (You can change the
               default using the PP_DEFAULT_STORAGE_SYS
               environment variable.)

               If class is specified along with hba and/or dev,
               the command is applied to paths that meet all
               specified constraints.

          force
               Suppresses the confirmation prompt and silently
               removes all paths marked dead.

          hba=hba#|all
               Limits the check to paths from the specified HBA.
               hba# is a number in the Host Bus Adapters ###
               column of powermt display output. all specifies
               all HBAs under PowerPath control. The default is
               all.

               (adapter can be used instead of hba.  adapter is
               included only for compatibility with prior
               PowerPath releases.  Use hba instead.)

          dev=path|device|all
               Limits the check to the specified path or all
               paths to the specified PowerPath device. all
               specifies all paths to all devices. The default is
               all.

     powermt check_registration

          powermt check_registration checks the state of the
          PowerPath license on a host.

          powermt check_registration determines whether the host
          has:

          - A valid permanent license or evaluation license
          - An expired evaluation license
          - An invalid or corrupt license
          - No license

          Evaluation licenses provide the same functionality as
          permanent licenses, but an evaluation license expires

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

          on the last day of a specified month.

          powermt check_registration displays output like the
          following:

          Key number
               Product: PowerPath
               Capabilities: license - storage_systems

          where number is your 24-digit registration key, license
          is your license type and storage_systems is a list of
          the storage systems on which this license is valid (for
          example, CLARiiON).

          For an evaluation license, powermt check_registration
          also outputs a line like this:

               Expires: month, year

          For an expired license, powermt check_registration also
          outputs a line like this:

               Expired: month, year

          If the license is expired or there is no license:

          - No powermt set commands can be executed.

          - powermt save cannot be executed.

          At boot time, the load balancing and failover policy is
          set as follows:

          - Symmetrix optimization. Set for Symmetrix storage
          systems on platforms with a valid PowerPath license.

          - CLARiiON optimization. Set for CLARiiON storage
          systems on platforms with a valid PowerPath license.

          - Adaptive. Set for Hitachi Lightning, HP xp, and IBM
          ESS storage systems on platforms with a valid PowerPath
          license.

          - no redirect. Set for Symmetrix, Hitachi Lightning, HP
          xp, and IBM ESS storage systems on platforms without a
          valid PowerPath license.

          - basic failover. Set for CLARiiON storage systems on
          platforms without a valid PowerPath license.

     powermt config

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

          powermt config configures all detected Symmetrix and
          CLARiiON logical devices as PowerPath devices and adds
          these devices to the PowerPath configuration.

          powermt config also configures all detected third-party
          array logical devices as PowerPath devices if their
          storage array classes are set to managed.

          powermt config creates devices as required on AIX and
          Solaris platforms.  (On HP-UX platforms, PowerPath uses
          only existing, native devices.)

          powermt config also configures all detected paths to
          PowerPath devices and adds these paths to the PowerPath
          configuration.

          powermt config does not remove previously configured
          paths when they become dead paths.

          powermt config adds paths to logical devices based on
          the storage-system frame serial number and the logical
          device serial number. Together, these values (shown in
          the output of powermt display dev) uniquely identify a
          logical device. By default, powermt config adds
          PowerPath devices with the Symmetrix optimization,
          CLARiiON optimization, or Adaptive load balancing and
          failover policy, a priority of 0, write throttling set
          to off, and a write throttle queue depth of 256. It
          adds paths with the mode set to active.  It adds
          storage systems with periodic autorestore set to on.

          After powermt config completes, you can change the
          configuration with several powermt commands: powermt
          set policy, powermt set priority, powermt set
          periodic_autorestore, powermt set mode, powermt set
          write_throttle, powermt set write_throttle_queue, or
          powermt load.

          If the PowerPath license is invalid, powermt config
          issues a warning and continues its processing. Use
          powermt check_registration to determine the problem
          with the PowerPath license.

          Platform-Specific Notes

          On AIX, if powermt config encounters an error, a
          general AIX error message is displayed, indicating
          there is a problem configuring a device. The text of
          the message depends on the underlying error. For more
          detailed PowerPath error information, we recommend AIX
          users run cfgmgr -vl powerpath0 instead of powermt
          config. The cfgmgr command performs the same function

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

          as powermt config but generates more detailed error
          messages (documented in the PowerPath Product Guide).

          On HP-UX, powermt config runs at boot time from
          /etc/inittab to configure PowerPath. On Solaris,
          powermt config runs at boot time from startup scripts
          under /etc/rcS.d. You need to run powermt config only
          if more paths are added after boot time.

     powermt display [paths|ports] [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}]
          [every=seconds]
     powermt display [ports] [dev=device|all]
          [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}] [every=seconds]

          powermt display displays information about HBAs and/or
          devices configured for and managed by PowerPath.

          powermt watch is equivalent to powermt display.
          powermt watch is included only for compatibility with
          prior PowerPath releases.  Use powermt display instead.

          Arguments

          class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}
               Limits the command to the specified type of
               storage system. all specifies all storage-system
               types. The default is all.  (You can change the
               default using the PP_DEFAULT_STORAGE_SYS
               environment variable.)

               If class is specified along with hba and/or dev,
               the command is applied to paths that meet all
               specified constraints.

          paths
               Displays information one line per path.

          ports
               Displays information one line per port.

          dev=device|all
               Displays information about the specified device.
               all specifies all PowerPath devices.

          If paths, ports, or dev is not specified, a summary HBA
          listing is displayed, with one line per HBA.

          every=seconds
               Integer in the range 1-86400 that specifies, in
               seconds, how often the display is updated. By
               default, the display is not updated.

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

               The seconds value is the minimum time between
               refreshes; the actual time is affected by the
               overall system load.  On busy systems, display
               updates can be less frequent than specified.

          Description of the Displays

          The first form of the command (powermt display) yields
          the HBA display. The second form of the command
          (powermt display dev) yields the devices display. The
          following sections explain the fields in each display.

          Note: For a more detailed description of these
          displays, including example displays and a discussion
          of the effects of zoning on the displays, see the
          PowerPath Product Guide.

          Fields in the HBA Display

          storage_system_type logical device count
               Value: Non-negative integer

               Total number of unique logical devices from all
               storage devices of a given type that are
               configured by PowerPath and that this host can
               access.

               Each powermt display table contains information
               about one type of storage system, such as
               Symmetrix.

          Host Bus Adapters ###
               Value: Non-negative integer

               PowerPath number for the HBA.

               When the dev option is used, the output of powermt
               display identifies the HBA by this same HBA
               number.

               This number is preserved across boots but is not
               preserved after configuration changes.

          Host Bus Adapters HW Path
               Value: Alphanumeric string

               Operating-system-specific hardware descriptive
               name for the bus:

               - AIX: The name of the device that is the parent
               of the hdisk; for example, scsi1.

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

               - HP-UX: Hardware path as defined by the ioscan
               command; for example, 10/4.2.0.

               - Solaris: Modification of the /dev/rdsk symbolic
               link target; for example, sbus@1f,0/fcaw@3,0.

          I/O Paths Summary
               Value: optimal, degraded, or failed

               Status of the paths originating from this HBA:

               - optimal means all paths are alive (usable).

               - degraded means one or more, but not all, paths
               from this HBA are dead (not usable).

               - failed means all paths are dead and no data is
               passing through this HBA.

          I/O Paths Total
               Value: Non-negative integer

               Total number of paths that originate from this
               HBA. The maximum number of logical devices
               supported by one HBA is platform specific. The
               total number of paths may exceed the number of
               logical devices in a complex SAN topology, due to
               zoning.

          I/O Paths Dead
               Value: Integer in the range 0 - I/O Paths Total

               Total number of paths originating from this HBA
               that are dead (not usable).

          Stats IO/sec
               Value: Non-negative integer

               This field is blank for powermt display, unless it
               is used with the every parameter. Subsequent
               powermt display iterations display the average
               number of I/Os sent across this bus each second.

          Stats Q-IOs
               Value: Non-negative integer

               Total number of outstanding I/Os on this HBA now.

          Stats Errors
               Value: Non-negative integer

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

               Total number of times any logical I/O paths on
               this bus transitioned from alive to dead. This
               always is equal to or less than the total number
               of HBA I/O errors. It is cleared at boot time or
               when powermt restore executes. The PowerPath
               periodic autorestore feature does not clear this
               number but may cause it to increase if the path
               has intermittent failures (that is, some periodic
               autorestore operations are successful and others
               are not).

          Storage System ID
               Value: Hexadecimal value or alphanumeric string

               Identification number for the storage system on
               which the logical device is located.

          Storage System Interface
               Value: Alphanumeric string

               Storage system-interface.

               For Symmetrix systems, this has three parts:

               - Interface type: Fibre Channel (FA) or SCSI (SA)

               - Interface address: integer in the range 1-16

               - Interface port: aA, aB, bA, bB

               For CLARiiON systems, this has one part:

               - Interface port: SP [A-B][0-3]

               For Hitachi Lightning and HP xp systems, this is
               the port name on the array.

               For IBM ESS systems, this is a two-digit
               hexadecimal port ID that can be decoded to a
               Bay/Adaptor/Port on the ESS system. (IBM ESS
               command-line interface documentation describes how
               to decode the port ID.)

          Storage System Wt_Q
               Value: Non-negative integer

               Maximum number of write I/O requests that will be
               serviced before the I/O queue checks for any
               outstanding read I/O.

          Fields in the Devices Display

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

          Pseudo name
               Value: Alphanumeric string

               Platform-specific value assigned by PowerPath to
               the PowerPath device associated with the logical
               device. See "dev Argument Specification" for
               pseudo device naming formats for each platform.

          storage_system_type ID
               Value: Hexadecimal value or alphanumeric string

               Identification number for the storage system on
               which the logical device is located.

               Each powermt display table contains information
               about one type of storage system, such as
               Symmetrix.

               For CLARiiON systems only, the user-specified
               storage group name, if available, is by default
               displayed in brackets after this identification
               number. To suppress display of the name, define
               the environment variable PP_SHOW_CLAR_LUN_NAMES
               and set it to "false" or "FALSE".  (To re-enable
               the default behavior, either remove the variable
               or set it to "true" or "TRUE".)

          Logical device ID
               Value: Hexadecimal value or alphanumeric string

               Identification number for the logical device. Each
               logical device on each storage system has a unique
               ID. Each storage system, however, uses the same
               storage system ID. Together, storage system ID and
               logical device ID create a unique ID for every
               logical device in the world.

               On a CLARiiON system, the logical device ID is a
               32-digit number. This is not the same as the
               standard device identifier used by Navisphere.

               For CLARiiON systems only, the user-assignable LUN
               name, if available, is by default displayed in
               brackets after this identification number.  To
               suppress display of LUN names, define the
               environment variable PP_SHOW_CLAR_LUN_NAMES and
               set it to "false" or "FALSE".  (To re-enable the
               default behavior, either remove the variable or
               set it to "true" or "TRUE".)

          state
               Value: alive or dead

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

               State of the PowerPath device:

               - PowerPath marks a PowerPath device dead if it
               returns certain types of I/O errors and is judged
               unusable. Once a PowerPath device is marked dead
               (and until it is restored with powermt restore),
               PowerPath returns subsequent I/O requests with a
               failure status, without forwarding them to the
               associated logical device. This prevents further,
               unrecoverable corruption and allows you to perform
               data recovery if needed.

               - If a PowerPath device is alive, either PowerPath
               never marked it dead, or it was marked dead but
               restored with powermt restore or an automatic path
               test.

          Owner
               Value: default=SP x, current=SP x

               Default and current owners of the logical device
               (CLARiiON systems only).

          policy
               Value: Adaptive, BasicFailover, CLAROpt,
               LeastBlocks, LeastIos, NoRedirect, Request,
               RoundRobin, or SymmOpt

               Current load balancing and failover policy for the
               PowerPath device.

               Use powermt set policy to change the policy.

          priority
               Value: Integer in the range 0-10

               Amount of scheduling favoritism shown to the
               PowerPath device. Priority applies only to the
               Adaptive, SymmOpt and CLAROpt load balancing
               policies.

               Use powermt set priority to change the priority.

          queued-IOs
               Value: Non-negative integer

               Number of I/O requests queued to this PowerPath
               device.

          write-throttle
               Value: on or off

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

               Write-throttling setting for this logical device.

          Host ###
               Value: Non-negative integer

               PowerPath number for the HBA.

               When the dev option is used, the output of powermt
               display identifies the HBA by this same HBA
               number.

               This number is preserved across boots but is not
               preserved after configuration changes.

          Host HW Path
               Value: Alphanumeric string

               The platform-specific hardware descriptive name
               for the path:

               - AIX: The name of the device that is the parent
               of the hdisk; for example, fscsi1.

               - HP-UX: Hardware path as defined by the ioscan
               command; for example, 10/4.2.0.

               - Solaris: Modification of the /dev/rdsk symbolic
               link target; for example,
               /pci@8,700000/QLGC,qla@3/sd@0,2.

          Host I/O Path
               Value: Alphanumeric string

               The platform-specific device name for the path.
               See "dev Argument Specification".

               On HP-UX and Solaris, if new devices are added,
               powermt display every=seconds may display unknown
               in place of the actual device names due to the
               creation of device-name mappings at startup. If
               this occurs, restart powermt display
               every=seconds.

          Stor Interf.
               Value: Alphanumeric string

               Storage system interface. For Symmetrix systems,
               this has three parts:

               - Interface type: Fibre Channel (FA) or SCSI (SA)

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

               - Interface address: integer in the range 1-16

               - Interface port: [abcd][AB]

               For CLARiiON systems, this has one part:

               - Interface port: SP [A-B][0-3]

               For Hitachi Lightning and HP xp systems, this is
               the port name on the array.

               For IBM ESS systems, this is a two-digit
               hexadecimal port ID that can be decoded to a
               Bay/Adaptor/Port on the ESS system. (IBM ESS
               command-line interface documentation describes how
               to decode the port ID.)

          I/O Paths Mode
               Value: active, standby, or unlic

               Current path mode:

               - active indicates this path can accept I/O. Load
               balancing is performed for a PowerPath device with
               more than one active path, based on the load
               balancing and failover policy set for the
               PowerPath device.  On active-passive storage
               systems, I/O is load-balanced across paths to a
               single SP for each logical device.

               - standby indicates this path is held in reserve.
               Being set to standby does not mean a path will not
               be used. It only means the weight of the path is
               heavily adjusted to preclude its use in normal
               operations. A standby path still can be selected
               if it is the best path for the request.

               - unlic indicates that unlicensed PowerPath is
               running for a CLARiiON array (no license key has
               been installed). In this scenario, all paths are
               marked unlicensed except one path to each SP.
               Unlicensed paths cannot become candidates for path
               failover.

               Use powermt set mode to change the mode.

          I/O Paths State
               Value: alive or dead

               Current path state:

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               - alive indicates the path is usable: PowerPath
               can direct I/O to this path.

               - dead indicates the path is not usable: PowerPath
               will not direct I/O to this path. After marking
               the path dead and incrementing the Errors count,
               PowerPath tests the path to see whether it is
               usable. If the test succeeds, PowerPath marks the
               path alive; the path is then available for I/O. If
               the test fails, the path remains dead, and
               PowerPath ignores it for subsequent I/O
               operations. If all the paths to a logical device
               are dead, PowerPath retests each path.

          Stats Q-IOs
               Value: Non-negative integer

               Total number of I/O operations under way to this
               path. This is the total number of I/O requests to
               this device that have not completed. The sum of
               in-progress I/Os for all paths should equal the
               number of in-progress I/Os for the PowerPath
               device.

          Stats Errors
               Value: Non-negative number

               Total number of times this path transitioned from
               alive to dead. This always is equal to or less
               than the total number of HBA I/O errors. It is
               cleared at boot time or when powermt restore
               executes. The PowerPath periodic autorestore
               feature does not clear this number but may cause
               it to increase if the path has intermittent
               failures (that is, some periodic autorestore
               operations are successful and others are not).

          If both the dev and ports options are specified, a
          compressed version of the devices display is output.
          The compressed display includes a column listing the
          write throttle setting (on or off) of each storage-
          system port and a column listing the write throttle
          queue depth for each port. To accommodate the extra
          information, the I/O Paths Mode and I/O Paths State
          columns of the normal devices display are merged into a
          Path Status column. Valid values for Path Status are as
          follows:

          Value     Meaning        Description

          a         active         See the description of Path mode, above
          s         standby        See the description of Path mode, above

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

          u         unlicensed     See the description of Path mode, above
          v         alive          See the description of Path state, above
          d         dead           See the description of Path state, above

     powermt display options

          powermt display options displays the default storage
          system class and the following options settings for
          each storage system class:

          - Status of the storage system class (managed,
          unmanaged, manage_incomplete, or unmanage_incomplete)

          - Whether CLARiiON user-assignable LUN names are
          displayed

          - Whether periodic autorestore is enabled

          Use powermt set periodic_autorestore to change the
          periodic autorestore setting.  Use powermt manage to
          place logical devices under PowerPath management and
          powermt unmanage to exclude devices from PowerPath
          management (third-party storage systems only).

          Use the PP_DEFAULT_STORAGE_SYS environment variable to
          change the default storage system class.

          CLARiiON user-assignable LUN names are displayed by
          default.  To suppress display of LUN names, define the
          environment variable PP_SHOW_CLAR_LUN_NAMES and set it
          to "false" or "FALSE".  (To re-enable the default
          behavior, either remove the variable or set it to
          "true" or "TRUE".) An example using Bourne shell syntax
          to suppress the display of LUN names is:

          PP_SHOW_CLAR_LUN_NAMES=false
          export PP_SHOW_CLAR_LUN_NAMES

     powermt display unmanaged

          powermt display unmanaged displays information about
          logical devices that have been excluded from PowerPath
          management using powermt unmanage.  You can use the
          native device as the dev argument to the powermt manage
          dev= command.

     powermt load [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}]
          [file=pathname]

          powermt load applies to the current configuration the
          following settings from a saved configuration file:
          PowerPath device policies and priorities; write

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

          throttle setting and write throttle queue depth;
          periodic autorestore setting; and path modes.  On all
          platforms, the file is saved when powermt save is run
          manually.  On HP-UX and Solaris, the file is also saved
          at boot time.

          If a configuration is saved with powermt save under the
          default filename, the configuration loads automatically
          at boot time.  (The exception is AIX, which always
          loads default settings at boot time.)  If the default
          filename is not used, the configuration does not load
          automatically at boot time; in this case, you must load
          the configuration manually with powermt load.

          Paths added since the last save remain as is. If the
          configuration file has information about dead paths,
          they are added in a failed state, allowing them to be
          restored later. If the file has information about paths
          that were removed since the last save, they are added.

          If the PowerPath license is invalid, powermt load
          issues a warning and continues its processing. Use
          powermt check_registration to determine the problem
          with the license.

          powermt load behavior is undefined when invoked after
          the host has booted and while paths are in a state
          other than alive. Do not use powermt load to restore
          dead paths online.

          Arguments

          class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}
               Limits the command to the specified type of
               storage system. all specifies all storage-system
               types. The default is all.  (You can change the
               default using the PP_DEFAULT_STORAGE_SYS
               environment variable.)

          file=pathname
               Full pathname of the saved configuration file. For
               the default filename, see powermt save.

     powermt manage {dev=device|class={hitachi|hpxp|ess}}

          powermt manage places a specified logical device, or a
          specified storage system class, under PowerPath
          management.

          By default, all storage system classes are under
          PowerPath management.  You can use powermt unmanage to
          exclude a storage system class from PowerPath

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

          management. Use powermt manage class= to return that
          storage system class to PowerPath control.

          Likewise, by default, when a storage system class is
          under PowerPath management, all logical devices of that
          class are under PowerPath management. You can use
          powermt unmanage to exclude an individual device from
          PowerPath management. Use powermt manage dev= to return
          that device to PowerPath control. powermt manage
          returns a device to PowerPath control only if its
          storage system class is currently managed by PowerPath.

          A powermt manage class= operation is legal only if the
          class's status is unmanaged or manage_incomplete.  If
          the class status is unmanage_incomplete, the unmanage
          operation must be completed, or the host rebooted,
          before powermt manage succeeds. The powermt display
          options command displays the status of a class.

          Arguments

          dev=device
               Specifies the pathname of a logical device to be
               managed by PowerPath.

          class={hitachi|hpxp|ess}
               Specifies the storage system class to be managed
               by PowerPath.

     powermt remove [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}] [force]
          hba=hba#|all | dev=path|device|all
     powermt remove [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}] [force]
          hba=hba#|all dev=path|device|all

          powermt remove deletes the specified path (or paths)
          from PowerPath's list of configured paths. It does not
          delete the logical device that the paths refer to. As
          long as the logical device remains visible on the
          system, the logical device can be reconfigured via
          powermt config.

          CAUTION: Do not remove the last path to a logical
          device unless you plan to remove the logical device
          entirely, as data access will be interrupted.

          On all platforms except AIX, powermt remove does not
          remove a path if that native path is open--for example,
          if a file system is mounted on the native path device
          or an application has opened the native path device.
          Instead, powermt remove removes all specified paths
          that are not currently open, issues an error message,
          and exits.

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

          If a PowerPath device is open, powermt remove does not
          remove that device or the last path to that device.  If
          a device is in a PPVM volume group, PowerPath does not
          remove the last path to that device.

          In addition, powermt remove operates on paths, so when
          powermt remove is executed with an HBA or PowerPath
          device argument, powermt remove iterates through all
          the associated paths and attempts to remove them. The
          HBA or PowerPath device is removed only if all the
          associated paths are successfully removed.

          To permanently remove a path from the PowerPath
          configuration:

          1.   Run powermt check or powermt remove.

          2.   Physically remove the path.

          3.   Remove the operating system objects associated
               with the path and/or device.

          4.   Run powermt save.

          If the PowerPath license is invalid, powermt remove
          issues a warning and continues its processing. Use
          powermt check_registration to determine the problem
          with the license.

          On all platforms except AIX and Solaris, if you run
          powermt remove on a live path with active I/O,
          PowerPath returns the message

          Cannot remove alive device device_name

          and exits.

          Arguments

          class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}
               Limits the command to the specified type of
               storage system. all specifies all storage-system
               types. The default is all.  (You can change the
               default using the PP_DEFAULT_STORAGE_SYS
               environment variable.)

               If class is specified along with hba and/or dev,
               the command is applied to paths that meet all
               specified constraints.

          force
               Suppresses the confirmation prompt and silently

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

               removes all specified paths, including the last
               path to a logical device.

          hba=hba#|all
               Limits removal to paths from the specified HBA.
               hba# is a number in the Host Bus Adapters ###
               column of powermt display dev output. all
               specifies all HBAs under PowerPath control.  The
               default is all.

               (adapter can be used instead of hba.  adapter is
               included only for compatibility with prior
               PowerPath releases.  Use hba instead.)

          dev=path|device|all
               Limits removal to the specified path or all paths
               to the specified PowerPath device. all specifies
               all paths to all devices. The default is all.

     powermt restore [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}] [force]
          [hba=hba#|all] [dev=path|device|all]

          powermt restore tests and restores specified paths. It
          issues test I/Os and responds to the test results as
          follows:

          - If a live path passes the test, powermt restore does
          nothing.

          - If a dead path passes the test, powermt restore marks
          it alive; PowerPath can now use it.  In addition, other
          dead paths on the same HBA and/or storage system port
          may be tested.

          - If a live path fails the test, powermt restore marks
          it dead and prints a warning (every time the path fails
          the test).  In addition, other paths that share the
          same HBA and port may be marked dead, and other paths
          that share only the HBA or only the port may be tested.

          - If a dead path fails the test, powermt restore prints
          a warning (every time the path fails the test).

          There may be a delay in accessing a recovered path. To
          avoid this delay, run powermt restore after a path is
          physically restored.

          In addition to testing and restoring paths, powermt
          restore attempts to resurrect dead volumes.  A volume
          may be marked dead if write errors occur that could
          jeopardize the integrity of the data structures, and if
          subsequent writes could aggravate the problem.

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

          When applied to CLARiiON storage systems, powermt
          restore also relocates LUNs to their default storage
          processor.

          If the PowerPath license is invalid, powermt restore
          issues a warning and continues its processing. Use
          powermt check_registration to determine the problem
          with the PowerPath license.

          Arguments

          class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}
               Limits the command to the specified type of
               storage system. all specifies all storage-system
               types. The default is all.  (You can change the
               default using the PP_DEFAULT_STORAGE_SYS
               environment variable.)

               If class is specified along with hba and/or dev,
               the command is applied to paths that meet all
               specified constraints.

          force
               Attempts to restore dead volumes without prompting
               for confirmation.

          hba=hba#|all
               Limits restoration to paths from the specified
               HBA. hba# is a number in the Host Bus Adapters ###
               column of the powermt display dev output. all
               specifies all HBAs under PowerPath control.  The
               default is all.

               (adapter can be used instead of hba.  adapter is
               included only for compatibility with prior
               PowerPath releases.  Use hba instead.)

          dev=path|device|all
               Limits restoration to the specified path or all
               paths to the specified PowerPath device. all
               specifies all paths to all devices. The default is
               all.

     powermt save [file=pathname]

          By default, powermt save saves the PowerPath settings
          in the file powermt.custom. You can specify an
          alternate file. For each configured logical device,
          powermt save records its serial numbers, policy,
          priority, write throttle setting, write throttle queue
          depth, and pseudo device name. For each configured path
          (alive or dead), powermt save records its mode.  For

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

          each storage system class, powermt save records its
          period autorestore setting.

          For performance-tuning purposes, you can use powermt
          save to save different configurations under different
          filenames.

          A saved configuration can be reloaded with powermt
          load.

          Arguments

          file=pathname
               Full pathname of the file in which to save the
               configuration. PowerPath creates the file if it
               does not exist. The default is
               /etc/powermt.custom.

               If a configuration is saved with powermt save
               under the default filename, the configuration
               loads automatically at boot time.  (The exception
               is AIX, which always loads default settings at
               boot time.)  If the default filename is not used,
               the configuration does not load automatically at
               boot time; in this case, you must load the
               configuration manually with powermt load.

               If a configuration is saved under the default
               filename, any previously existing configuration
               file is overwritten without notice.

               The configuration file is saved with read-only
               access for root and no access for others.

               CAUTION: Do not modify the configuration file
               manually.

     powermt set periodic_autorestore=on|off
          [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}]

          powermt set periodic_autorestore enables or disables
          PowerPath's periodic autorestore feature.

          When periodic autorestore is on, PowerPath periodically
          tests dead paths and, if they are no longer dead,
          restores them to service.  Even when periodic
          autorestore is off, path testing continues under
          certain conditions, and automatic path restoration
          continues to occur based on the results of that
          testing. For details about periodic autorestore, refer
          to the PowerPath Product Guide.

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

          To determine the periodic autorestore setting, use
          powermt display options.

          Arguments

          on|off
               on enables periodic autorestore. off disables it.
               The default is on.

          class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}
               Limits the command to the specified type of
               storage system. all specifies all storage-system
               types. The default is all.  (You can change the
               default using the PP_DEFAULT_STORAGE_SYS
               environment variable.)

     powermt set mode=active|standby
          [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}]
          [hba=hba#|all] [dev=path|device|all]

          powermt set mode sets paths to active or standby mode.

          For most applications, the best performance is achieved
          by designating all paths to a PowerPath device as
          active. By using this command selectively, however, the
          path usage of PowerPath devices can be controlled. This
          is helpful if you do not want I/O for one PowerPath
          device to affect the performance of another PowerPath
          device.

          Arguments

          mode=active|standby
               Determines whether a path is available for I/O or
               held in reserve.  In active mode, user I/O is
               delivered to a path. If you designate a path as
               active, it is continuously scheduled for I/O
               according to the load balancing and failover
               policy in use. In standby mode, the path is held
               in reserve.

               Being set to standby does not mean a path will not
               be used. It only means the weight of the path is
               heavily adjusted to preclude its use in normal
               operations.

          class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}
               Limits the command to the specified type of
               storage system. all specifies all storage-system
               types. The default is all.  (You can change the
               default using the PP_DEFAULT_STORAGE_SYS
               environment variable.)

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

               If class is specified along with hba and/or dev,
               the command is applied to paths that meet all
               specified constraints.

          hba=hba#|all
               Sets the mode for paths from the specified HBA.
               hba# is a number in the Host Bust Adapters ###
               column of powermt display dev and powermt display
               paths output. all specifies all HBAs under
               PowerPath control. The default is all.

               (adapter can be used instead of hba.  adapter is
               included only for compatibility with prior
               PowerPath releases.  Use hba instead.)

          dev=path|device|all
               Sets the mode for the specified path or all paths
               to the specified PowerPath device. all specifies
               all paths to all devices. The default is all.

     powermt set policy=policy [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}]
          [dev=device|all]

          powermt set policy sets the load balancing and failover
          policy for PowerPath devices.

          Arguments

          policy=policy
               Sets the load balancing and failover policy to one
               of the following values:

               ad   Adaptive.  I/O requests are assigned to paths
                    based on an algorithm that takes into account
                    path load and logical device priority.  This
                    policy is valid only for Hitachi Lightning,
                    HP xp, and IBM ESS storage systems and is the
                    default policy for them on platforms with a
                    valid PowerPath license.

               bf   Basic failover.  Load balancing is not in
                    effect.  I/O routing on failure is limited to
                    one HBA and one port on each storage
                    processor.  When a host boots, it designates
                    one path (through one interface) for all I/O.
                    If an I/O is issued to a logical device that
                    cannot be reached via that path (that is, the
                    I/O cannot reach that logical device through
                    the device's assigned interface), a trespass
                    is performed: the logical device is assigned
                    to the other interface.

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

                    This policy protects against SP and back-end
                    failures and allows non-disruptive upgrades
                    to work when running PowerPath without a
                    license key. It does not protect against HBA
                    or host loop failures.

                    This policy is valid only for CLARiiON
                    storage systems and is the default policy for
                    them on platforms without a valid PowerPath
                    license.

               co   CLARiiON optimization (listed in powermt
                    display output as CLAROpt).  I/O requests are
                    assigned to paths based on an algorithm that
                    takes into account path load and the priority
                    you set with powermt set policy.

                    This policy is valid only for CLARiiON
                    storage systems and is the default policy for
                    them on platforms with a valid PowerPath
                    license.

               lb   Least blocks. Load balance is based on the
                    number of blocks in the pending I/Os. I/O
                    requests are assigned to the path with the
                    smallest burden in terms of blocks,
                    regardless of the number of requests
                    involved.

               li   Least I/Os. Load balance is based on the
                    number of pending I/Os. I/O requests are
                    assigned to the path with the smallest number
                    of requests, regardless of total block
                    volume.

               nr   No redirect. Neither load balancing nor
                    failover is in effect. If nr is set on a
                    failed path and a native device is used, I/O
                    errors will occur when I/O is directed to
                    that path. If one or more paths is failed and
                    nr is set, data I/O errors can occur.

                    This policy is valid only for Symmetrix,
                    Hitachi Lightning, HP xp, and IBM ESS storage
                    systems and is the default policy for them on
                    platforms without a valid PowerPath license.

               re   Request. For native devices, uses the path
                    that would have been used if PowerPath were
                    not installed. For pseudo devices, uses one
                    arbitrary path for all I/O. For all devices,
                    failover is in effect, but load balancing is

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

                    not.

               rr   Round robin. I/O requests are assigned to
                    each available path in rotation.

               so   Symmetrix optimization (listed in powermt
                    display output as SymmOpt). I/O requests are
                    assigned to paths based on an algorithm that
                    takes into account path load and the priority
                    you set with powermt set policy.

                    This policy is valid only for Symmetrix
                    storage systems and is the default policy for
                    them on platforms with a valid PowerPath
                    license.

          class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}
               Limits the command to the specified type of
               storage system. all specifies all storage-system
               types. The default is all.  (You can change the
               default using the PP_DEFAULT_STORAGE_SYS
               environment variable.)

               If class is specified along with hba and/or dev,
               the command is applied to paths that meet all
               specified constraints.

          dev=device|all
               Limits the policy change to the specified
               PowerPath device. all specifies all PowerPath
               devices. The default is all.

          If neither class nor dev is specified, and the
          specified policy does not apply to any storage system
          in the environment (for example, if the bf policy is
          specified, but there are no CLARiiON storage systems),
          no policy setting occurs, and no error message appears.

     powermt set priority=priority#
          [class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}] [dev=|device|all]

          powermt set priority sets the I/O priority for
          PowerPath devices. I/O to lower priority logical
          devices tends to be delivered to paths not used by
          higher priority logical devices.

          This command is relevant only for those PowerPath
          devices whose load balancing policy and failover is set
          to Symmetrix optimization, CLARiiON optimization, or
          Adaptive. Although it sets priorities for PowerPath
          devices with other policies, it has no effect on load
          balancing on those devices.  If the policy for a given

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

          device is anything other than Symmetrix optimization,
          CLARiiON optimization, or Adaptive when a priority for
          that device is set, the priority setting has no effect;
          if, however, the policy for that device is later
          changed to Symmetrix optimization, CLARiiON
          optimization, or Adaptive, the previously set priority
          becomes relevant when the policy change occurs.

          Setting a high priority for several PowerPath devices
          improves their I/O performance at the expense of the
          remaining PowerPath devices, while otherwise
          maintaining the best possible load balance across all
          paths. For example, to favor certain applications over
          others, assign a higher priority to the PowerPath
          devices used by that application.

          Arguments

          priority#
               Integer in the range 0 - 10. The default is 0. The
               higher the number, the higher the priority.
               Setting all PowerPath devices to the same priority
               negates the effect of the command.

          class={symm|clariion|hitachi|hpxp|ess|all}
               Limits the command to the specified type of
               storage system. all specifies all storage-system
               types. The default is all.  (You can change the
               default using the PP_DEFAULT_STORAGE_SYS
               environment variable.)

               If class is specified along with hba and/or dev,
               the command is applied to paths that meet all
               specified constraints.

          dev=device|all
               Sets the priority for the specified PowerPath
               device. all specifies all PowerPath devices. The
               default is all.

     powermt set transparent=on|off [dev=|device|all]

          Note: This command works only on Symmetrix systems.

          powermt set transparent enables or disables PowerPath's
          load balancing and failover features on specified
          devices.

          powermt set transparent is included only for
          compatibility with prior PowerPath releases. Use
          powermt set policy instead, as indicated below:

SunOS 5.8          Last change: January, 2004                  28

User Commands                                          powermt(1)

          - powermt set transparent=on is equivalent to
          powermt set policy=nr

          - powermt set transparent=off is equivalent to
          powermt set policy=so.

          Arguments

          on|off
               on disables load balancing and failover. off
               enables these features. The default is off.

          dev=device|all
               Limits the change to the specified PowerPath
               device. all specifies all PowerPath devices. The
               default is all.

     powermt set write_throttle=on|off [class=symm] [dev=device|all]

          powermt set write_throttle enables or disables I/O
          write throttling to the specified PowerPath device(s).

          This command is available only with Symmetrix storage
          systems.

          Write throttling is enabled to limit the number of
          queued writes to the common I/O queue in the HBA
          driver; instead, the writes are queued in PowerPath. As
          a result, read requests do not get delayed behind a
          large number of write requests. Write throttling is
          disabled by default.

          Arguments

          on|off
               on enables write throttling to the specified
               PowerPath device. off disables it. For new
               PowerPath devices, write throttling is set to off
               by default.

          class=symm
               Limits the command to the specified type of
               storage system.

               If class is specified along with hba and/or dev,
               the command is applied to paths that meet all
               specified constraints.

          dev=device|all
               Limits the change to the logical device associated
               with the specified device. all specifies all
               logical devices. The default is all.

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

               (volume_dev can be used instead of dev. volume_dev
               is included only for compatibility with prior
               PowerPath releases.  Use dev instead.)

     powermt set write_throttle_queue=queue_depth#
          [class=symm] [dev=path|device|all]

          powermt set write_throttle_queue sets the write
          throttling queue depths for a storage system port
          connected to a specified device. The queue depth
          setting limits the number of writes to all devices
          enabled for write throttling which can be outstanding
          (from PowerPath's perspective) on the storage system
          port. The queues are allocated within PowerPath, one
          per storage system port.

          This command is available only for Symmetrix storage
          systems.

          Arguments

          queue_depth#
               Threshold value that limits the number of I/Os
               sent/written to a port. The intent of setting this
               value is to prevent write operations from delaying
               the completion of read operations. The value of
               queue_depth# must be in the range 1 - 2147483647.
               For new ports, the queue depth is set to 256 by
               default.

          class=symm
               Limits the command to the specified type of
               storage system.

               If class is specified along with hba and/or dev,
               the command is applied to paths that meet all
               specified constraints.

          dev=path|device|all
               Limits the change to the storage system port
               associated with the specified path, or the port
               connected to the specified device. all specifies
               all storage-system ports to all devices. The
               default is all.

               (port_dev can be used instead of dev. port_dev is
               included only for compatibility with prior
               PowerPath releases.  Use dev instead.)

     powermt unmanage {dev=device|class={hitachi|hpxp|ess}}

SunOS 5.8          Last change: January, 2004                  30

User Commands                                          powermt(1)

          powermt unmanage excludes a specified logical device or
          storage system class from PowerPath management.

          When applied to a storage system class, powermt
          unmanage succeeds in completely removing the class from
          PowerPath control only after you stop applications with
          open devices of the specified class.  If you cannot
          stop applications, you may need to reboot the host.

          When you remove a storage system class from PowerPath
          control, custom configurations for that class (such as
          policy or mode) are lost with the next reboot or
          execution of powermt save.

          A powermt unmanage class= operation is legal only if
          the class's status is managed or unmanage_incomplete.
          If the class status is manage_incomplete, the manage
          operation must be completed, or the host rebooted,
          before powermt unmanage succeeds.  The powermt display
          options command displays the status of a class.

          When applied to a specific device, powermt unmanage
          differs from powermt remove:

          - powermt unmanage applies to the entire device, not
          just the specified path.

          - The effect of powermt unmanage is persistent:
          powermt config does not restore the device to PowerPath
          control.

          Arguments

          dev=device
               Specifies the pathname of a logical device to be
               excluded from PowerPath management.

          class={hitachi|hpxp|ess}
               Specifies the storage system class to be excluded
               from PowerPath management.

     powermt update lun_names

          powermt update lun_names causes PowerPath to retrieve
          the latest user-assignable CLARiiON LUN names. A user-
          assignable LUN name is a character string that a user
          or system manager associates with a LUN and assigns
          through Navisphere.

     powermt version

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User Commands                                          powermt(1)

          powermt version prints the number of the PowerPath
          version for which powermt was created.

EXIT STATUS
     All powermt commands return 0 to the user process on
     success; 1 on error.

FILES
     /etc/powermt.custom
          Default pathname of the configuration file.

SEE ALSO
     emcpminor(1),
     emcpreg(1),
     emcpupgrade(1),
     powercf(1),
     powerprotect(1),
     PowerPath Product Guide

SunOS 5.8          Last change: January, 2004                  32

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