函数式编程是非常常用和非常重要的一种编程范式,有的语言直接提供支持,C++则通过()运算符重载和模板提供了还算灵活的支持,而Java中的函数式编程则由于语言本身的局限没有得到广泛应用,Apache Commons Functor 项目是一个正在开发中的函数式编程库,但目前看来并不是类型安全的;J2SE 5.0提供了有限的generic能力,除了用于Collection之外,类型安全的functor也是其用武之地,已有一个开源项目Generic Algorithms for Java开始了这方面的工作
二、示例一元函数、谓词、过程
public interface UnaryFunction<R, P> {
R evaluate(P obj);
}
public interface UnaryPredicate<T> {
boolean test(T obj);
}
public interface UnaryProcedure<T> {
void run(T obj);
}
二元函数、谓词、过程
public interface BinaryFunction<R, T, S> {
R evaluate(T left, S right);
}
public interface BinaryPredicate<T, S> {
boolean test(T left, S right);
}
public interface BinaryProcedure<T, S> {
void run(T left, S right);
}
特化一:过滤
public interface Filter<T> extends UnaryFunction<T, T>{
}
几个示例算法:transform、select、foreach
public static <Destination, Source> List<Destination> transform(Collection<Source> source, UnaryFunction<Destination, Source> transformer){
List<Destination> result = new ArrayList<Destination>();
for(Source item : source){
result.add(transformer.evaluate(item));
}
return result;
}
public static <T> List<T> select(Collection<T> source, UnaryPredicate<T> selector){
List<T> result = new ArrayList<T>();
for(T item : source){
if(selector.test(item)){
result.add(item);
}
}
return result;
}
public static <T> void foreach(Collection<T> source, UnaryProcedure<T> procedure){
for(T item : source){
procedure.run(item);
}
}
几个composite:And、Or、Not
public class And<T> implements UnaryPredicate<T>, Serializable{
private UnaryPredicate<T>[] predicates;
public And(UnaryPredicate<T>... predicates){
this.predicates = predicates;
}
public boolean test(T obj) {
for(UnaryPredicate<T> predicate : predicates){
if( !predicate.test(obj) ){
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
public static <T> And<T> and(UnaryPredicate<T>... predicates){
return new And<T>(predicates);
}
}
public class Or<T> implements UnaryPredicate<T>, Serializable{
private UnaryPredicate<T>[] predicates;
public Or(UnaryPredicate<T>... predicates){
this.predicates = predicates;
}
public boolean test(T obj) {
for(UnaryPredicate<T> predicate : predicates){
if( predicate.test(obj) ){
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
public static <T> Or<T> or(UnaryPredicate<T>... predicates){
return new Or<T>(predicates);
}
}
public class Not<T> implements UnaryPredicate<T>, Serializable{
private UnaryPredicate<T> predicate;
public Not(UnaryPredicate<T> predicate){
this.predicate = predicate;
}
public boolean test(T obj) {
return !predicate.test(obj);
}
public static <T> Not<T> not(UnaryPredicate<T> predicate){
return new Not<T>(predicate);
}
}
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