理解JSP中的include(一):include-file 指令测试

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第一个例子:

include-file-test-1.jsp:

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=GBK" %>
<%! String dec_str = "dec_str";%>
<%=dec_str%><br>
<%@ include file="include-file-test-2.jsp" %><br>
<%=dec_str%><br>

include-file-test-2.jsp:

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=GBK" %>
<%
 dec_str = "scr_str";    //Eclipse显示出错。
%>

结果:

dec_str

scr_str

结论:file1中定义的实例变量(或局部变量),file2可以引用并更改。但直接访问file2会出错。

 

第二个例子:

include-file-test-1.jsp:

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=GBK" %>

<% scr_str = "hello " + scr_str;%>

<%@ include file="include-file-test-2.jsp" %>
<%=scr_str%><br>
<% temp = "hello " + temp;%>
<%=temp%>

include-file-test-2.jsp:

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=GBK" %>
<%! String scr_str = "scr_str";%>
<% String temp = "temp"; %>

查看file1 对应的servlet:

package org.apache.jsp.jsp_002dsyntax_002dtest;

import ……;

public final class include_002dfile_002dtest_002d1_jsp …… {

 String scr_str = "scr_str";
  private static java.util.Vector _jspx_dependants;

  static {
    _jspx_dependants = new java.util.Vector(1);
    _jspx_dependants.add("/jsp-syntax-test/include-file-test-2.jsp");
  }

  public java.util.List getDependants() {
    return _jspx_dependants;
  }

  public void _jspService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
        throws java.io.IOException, ServletException {

        ……
    try {
          ……

          response.setContentType("text/html;charset=GBK");
         ……      

         scr_str = "hello " + scr_str;
         String temp = "temp"; 
         ……
         out.print(scr_str);
         temp = "hello " + temp;
         ……     

         out.print(temp);
    } catch (Throwable t) {
        ……     

    } finally {
     ……
    }
  }
}

结果:

hello scr_str
hello temp

结论:file2中定义的实例变量,file1可以在<%@ include file="" %>指令之前(或之后)引用并更改。

file2中定义的局部变量,file1必须在<%@ include file="" %>指令之后引用并更改。

 

第三个例子:

include-file-test-1.jsp:

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=GBK" %>
<%!
 String str1 = "str1 ";
%>
<%
 String str4 = str1 + str2 + str3;
%>
<%@ include file="include-file-test-2.jsp" %>
<%=str4%>

include-file-test-2.jsp:

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=GBK" %>
<%!
 String str2 = "str2 ";
 String str3 = str1 + str2;
%>

file1对应的servlet:

package org.apache.jsp.jsp_002dsyntax_002dtest;

import ……

public final class include_002dfile_002dtest_002d1_jsp ……{


String str1 = "str1 ";


 String str2 = "str2 ";
 String str3 = str1 + str2;

……

  public void _jspService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
        throws java.io.IOException, ServletException {

……


    try {
……
      response.setContentType("text/html;charset=GBK");
……

 String str4 = str1 + str2 + str3;

……
      out.print(str4);
    } catch (Throwable t) {
    ……
}

 

结果:

str1 str2 str1 str2

 

结论:file2并不生成servlet,但其中的内容都被包含在了file1生成的servlet之中;file2本身也被添加进名为“ _jspx_dependants”的Vector类型的类变量中。可以看到,在file2中定义的实例变量“scr_str ”被转移到了file1生成的servlet中。可见Tomcat是以一种很耐人寻味的机制进行处理的。

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