1、所有HTML/JSP页面全部采用UTF-8编码
2、客户端浏览器完全支持UTF-8编码
步骤:
1、首先把所有的HTML/JSP的ContentType都设为UTF-8
2、然后对于JSP程序中的非ASCII码提示信息都不应该写在程序里面,都应该放在
application.properties里面统一管理。
3、对HTML用native2ascii工具统一做一次处理,把HTML中的非ASCII码都转换为Unicode编码。
4、针对不同的语言,写不同的application.properties,比如说简体中文是
application_zh_CN.properties,繁体中文是application_zh_TW.properties这样,然后对这些配置信
息文件同样用native2ascii工具处理一次,把非ASCII码统统转为Unicode编码。
5、在Servlet的request.getCharacterEncoding()获得客户端的操作系统默认编码,然后set到Struts
的HTTPSession的Locale中。
OK!现在不同的客户访问,就会显示不同的语言版本了。你可以看看此时你的浏览器的字符集,就是
UTF-8。现在你的网站和Google一样了,嘿嘿,其实你有心的话,看看你的浏览器访问Google的时候是
什么字符集吧
切记:所有的HTML/JSP都要设为UTF-8编码,所有的文件中的非ASCII码字符都要用native2ascii工具转
为用ASCII表示的Unicode编码。
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上面所述是我从网上下的一篇于中文问题的解决方案,确切的说应该是关于Struts的国际化问题,下面我结合我的实践谈谈具体如何实现Struts的国际化问题,我对理论不是非常精通,我只能完全凭自己的理解和实践来讲述,所以下面讲的内容可能不是非常正确,还请大家原谅。但有一点可以肯定,我通过自己的努力解决了Struts的中文问题,并实现Struts的国际化,其实一切并不复杂,下面是具体步骤:
0.遇到的问题(这些问题也许不会同时出现)
a.中文数据从数据库中到jsp中后就变成了"????"
b.做好的中文properties文件,其中的中文value在页面显示乱码
c.jsp文件中的中文到浏览器后显示时也是乱码(建议不要在jsp文件中输入中文,尽量放在properties文件中)
d.由jsp传给bean的中文值,再由bean传回页面又是乱码
e.当更换本地浏览器的语言选项时,Web应用程序不能自动根据你的locale选择合适的*.properties文件。导致Web应用程序不能国际化。
1.环境:
Web服务器: Tomcat 5.0.19
操作系统: Win2000 Server
JVM : jdk 1.4
数 据 库: Oracle 8.1.7
开发工具: struts studio 5.2 pro for eclipse
2.先将所有*.jsp 网页中开头处加入
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" %>
再设置<html:html locale = "true">
3.然后编辑好两个*.properties文件,放在classes文件夹下你指定的地方,这里是放在/web-inf/classes/com/wiley 下,它们分别是:
ApplicationResources.properties (英文资源文件)
ApplicationResources_zh.properties (中文资源文件)
随便用什么工具编写都行啊!
4.将ApplicationResources_zh.properties转码成gb2312。上面引文说要转成UTF-8,结果我试了,不行。转成gb2312就行了,操作是。
将ApplicationResources_zh.properties更名为ApplicationResources_xx.properties
在DOS命令行进入ApplicationResources_xx.properties所在的文件夹
使用命令:native2ascii -encoding gb2312 ApplicationResources_xx.properties ApplicationResources_zh.properties(至于你为什么会出现“native2ascii不是内部命令”,,请查其它资料,可能你要设置环境变量,因为他是jdk的文件夹bin下的一个应用程序)
5.接下来配置struts-config.xml,很简单,我们加入:
<message-resources parameter="com.wiley.ApplicationResources"/> 就行了;
到此已能解决大多数中文问题。如上面所说的a,b,e 现在打开浏览器,选择菜单:工具》internet选项》语言,将“中文-中国[zh-cn]”删掉,添加一个“英语-英国[zh-gb]”确定后,重启Tomcat,输入网址你就会发现,你的页面的文本信息就会用的是ApplicationResources.properties (英文资源文件)中的内容。如果换回“中文-中国[zh-cn]”,它就会显示ApplicationResources_zh.properties (中文资源文件)中的中文内容。
至于问题“c.jsp文件中的中文到浏览器后显示时也是乱码” 你就要用与第4步类似的方法来重新对*.jsp 文件编码,这时-encoding的参数就要用UTF-8了,如果你用的也是struts studio 5.2 pro for eclipse工具,这一步就免了。它会自动用UTF-8的格式存储。
至于问题“d.由jsp传给bean的中文值,再由bean传回页面又是乱码”的解决,我只是加了个过滤器。
你可以现在web.xml中加入:
<filter>
<filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.wiley.SetCharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>ignore</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
</filter-mapping>
然后在你指定的包内加个java文件 我放在了/web-inf/classes/com/wiley 里,下面是源代码:
/*
* XP Forum
*
* Copyright (c) 2002-2003 RedSoft Group. All rights reserved.
*
*/
package com.huahang.tj.struts.filters;
import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* <p>Filter that sets the character encoding to be used in parsing the
* incoming request, either unconditionally or only if the client did not
* specify a character encoding. Configuration of this filter is based on
* the following initialization parameters:</p>
* <ul>
* <li><strong>encoding</strong> - The character encoding to be configured
* for this request, either conditionally or unconditionally based on
* the <code>ignore</code> initialization parameter. This parameter
* is required, so there is no default.</li>
* <li><strong>ignore</strong> - If set to "true", any character encoding
* specified by the client is ignored, and the value returned by the
* <code>selectEncoding()</code> method is set. If set to "false,
* <code>selectEncoding()</code> is called <strong>only</strong> if the
* client has not already specified an encoding. By default, this
* parameter is set to "true".</li>
* </ul>
*
* <p>Although this filter can be used unchanged, it is also easy to
* subclass it and make the <code>selectEncoding()</code> method more
* intelligent about what encoding to choose, based on characteristics of
* the incoming request (such as the values of the <code>Accept-Language</code>
* and <code>User-Agent</code> headers, or a value stashed in the current
* user's session.</p>
*
* @author <a href="mailto:[email protected]">John Wong</a>
*
* @version $Id: SetCharacterEncodingFilter.java,v 1.1 2002/04/10 13:59:27 johnwong Exp $
*/
public class SetCharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {
// ----------------------------------------------------- Instance Variables
/**
* The default character encoding to set for requests that pass through
* this filter.
*/
protected String encoding = null;
/**
* The filter configuration object we are associated with. If this value
* is null, this filter instance is not currently configured.
*/
protected FilterConfig filterConfig = null;
/**
* Should a character encoding specified by the client be ignored?
*/
protected boolean ignore = true;
// --------------------------------------------------------- Public Methods
/**
* Take this filter out of service.
*/
public void destroy() {
this.encoding = null;
this.filterConfig = null;
}
/**
* Select and set (if specified) the character encoding to be used to
* interpret request parameters for this request.
*
* @param request The servlet request we are processing
* @param result The servlet response we are creating
* @param chain The filter chain we are processing
*
* @exception IOException if an input/output error occurs
* @exception ServletException if a servlet error occurs
*/
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain)
throws IOException, ServletException {
// Conditionally select and set the character encoding to be used
if (ignore || (request.getCharacterEncoding() == null)) {
String encoding = selectEncoding(request);
if (encoding != null)
request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
}
// Pass control on to the next filter
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
/**
* Place this filter into service.
*
* @param filterConfig The filter configuration object
*/
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
this.filterConfig = filterConfig;
this.encoding = filterConfig.getInitParameter("encoding");
String value = filterConfig.getInitParameter("ignore");
if (value == null)
this.ignore = true;
else if (value.equalsIgnoreCase("true"))
this.ignore = true;
else if (value.equalsIgnoreCase("yes"))
this.ignore = true;
else
this.ignore = false;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------ Protected Methods
/**
* Select an appropriate character encoding to be used, based on the
* characteristics of the current request and/or filter initialization
* parameters. If no character encoding should be set, return
* <code>null</code>.
* <p>
* The default implementation unconditionally returns the value configured
* by the <strong>encoding</strong> initialization parameter for this
* filter.
*
* @param request The servlet request we are processing
*/
protected String selectEncoding(ServletRequest request) {
return (this.encoding);
}
}//EOC
到此我遇到的中文问题已全部得到解决,并从中理解到struts的国际化的深刻含义。
我个人觉得struts作为一个功能强大的应用框架,应该早就考虑到它的国际化问题,并在实际应用中不会很复杂,只要我们遵循一些规则,就可以尽情享受struts给我们带来的无穷乐趣。希望以上所述对大家有所帮助。
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