安装配置Hibernate+Tomcat

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关于服务器Tomcat和数据库MySQL的安装配置参见本人上一篇文章
《在Windows 2000 Server安装配置Tomcat+MySQL》

在Tomcat上建立独立的服务myService 
0.set %WebApp% = $Tomcat_HOME$/webapps/myService
1 在$Tomcat_HOME$/webapps下创建目录结构
 myService
   +-----WEB-INF
      +-----lib
      +-----class
         +-----net
            +-----sf
               +-----hibernate
                  +-----examples
                     +-----quickstart
2 在Tomcat的server.xml($Tomcat_HOME$/conf)中为此服务配置独立的Context
        <Context className="org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext" cachingAllowed="true" charsetMapperClass="org.apache.catalina.util.CharsetMapper" cookies="true" crossContext="false" debug="0" displayName="Welcome to Tomcat" docBase="C:\Tomcat4.1\webapps\myService" mapperClass="org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextMapper" path="/myService" privileged="false" reloadable="false" swallowOutput="false" useNaming="true" wrapperClass="org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper">
          <Resource name="jdbc/mysqltest" scope="Shareable" type="javax.sql.DataSource"/>
          <ResourceParams name="jdbc/mysqltest">
            <parameter>
              <name>maxWait</name>
              <value>5000</value>
            </parameter>
            <parameter>
              <name>maxActive</name>
              <value>4</value>
            </parameter>
            <parameter>
              <name>password</name>
              <value>test</value>
            </parameter>
            <parameter>
              <name>url</name>
              <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/study</value>
            </parameter>
            <parameter>
              <name>driverClassName</name>
              <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
            </parameter>
            <parameter>
              <name>maxIdle</name>
              <value>2</value>
            </parameter>
            <parameter>
              <name>username</name>
              <value>test</value>
            </parameter>
          </ResourceParams>
   <ResourceLink name="jdbc/mysqltest" global="jdbc/mysqltest" type="javax.sql.DataSourcer"/>
        </Context>

3 解压下载的压缩包hibernate-2.1.2.zip,将解压出来的hibernate2.jar复制到%WebApp%/WEB-INF/lib
4 将解压出来的lib目录下的
  cglib-full-2.0.2.jar
  commons-collections-2.1.1.jar
  commons-logging-1.0.4.jar
  dom4j-1.4.jar
  ehcache-0.9.jar
  jta.jar
  log4j-1.2.8.jar
  odmg-3.0.jar
  文件同样复制到%WebApp%/WEB-INF/lib

5 编写hibernate配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml放在%WebApp%/WEB-INF/classes下
 <?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
 <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration
 PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD//EN"
 "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-2.0.dtd">
 <hibernate-configuration>

 <session-factory>

 <property name="connection.datasource">java:comp/env/jdbc/mysqltest</property>
 <property name="show_sql">false</property>
 <property name="dialect">net.sf.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>

 <!-- Mapping files -->
 <mapping resource="Cat.hbm.xml"/>

 </session-factory>

 </hibernate-configuration>
 *connection.datasource的名称必须和[Config Tomcat DBCP for Mysql]配置中server.xml的context指定的DBCP的名称一致。
 
 6 编写第一个测试代码
 6.1 将以下代码保存为Cat.java,并生成相应的Cat.class,放入%WebApp%/WEB-INF/classes,这里无论你用什么方法生成Cat.class,但最终Cat.class应在%WebApp%/WEB-INF/classes/net/sf/hibernate/examples/quickstart目录下
 package net.sf.hibernate.examples.quickstart;
 public class Cat {

 private String id;
 private String name;
 private char sex;
 private float weight;

 public Cat() {
 }

 public String getId() {
 return id;
 }

 private void setId(String id) {
 this.id = id;
 }

 public String getName() {
 return name;
 }

 public void setName(String name) {
 this.name = name;
 }

 public char getSex() {
 return sex;
 }

 public void setSex(char sex) {
 this.sex = sex;
 }

 public float getWeight() {
 return weight;
 }

 public void setWeight(float weight) {
 this.weight = weight;
 }
 }
 
6.2 将以下代码保存为O/R映射文件Cat.hbm.xml,放入%WebApp%/WEB-INF/classes
   <?xml version="1.0"?>
  <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping
  PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD//EN"
  "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-2.0.dtd">
  <hibernate-mapping>
  <class name="net.sf.hibernate.examples.quickstart.Cat" table="CAT">
  <!-- A 32 hex character is our surrogate key. It's automatically
  generated by Hibernate with the UUID pattern. -->
  <id name="id" type="string" unsaved-value="null" >
  <column name="CAT_ID" sql-type="char(32)" not-null="true"/>
  <generator class="uuid.hex"/>
  </id>
  <!-- A cat has to have a name, but it shouldn' be too long. -->
  <property name="name">
  <column name="NAME" length="16" not-null="true"/>
  </property>
  <property name="sex"/>
  <property name="weight"/>
  </class>
  </hibernate-mapping>

6.3 将以下代码保存为HibernateUtil.java,并生成相应的HibernateUtil.class,放入%WebApp%/WEB-INF/classes,同样注意package
    package net.sf.hibernate.examples.quickstart;
  import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
    import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
  import net.sf.hibernate.*;
  import net.sf.hibernate.cfg.*;
  public class HibernateUtil {

  private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HibernateUtil.class);

  private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory;

  static {
  try {
  // Create the SessionFactory
  sessionFactory = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
  } catch (Throwable ex) {
  log.error("Initial SessionFactory creation failed.", ex);
  throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);
  }
  }

  public static final ThreadLocal session = new ThreadLocal();

  public static Session currentSession() throws HibernateException {
  Session s = (Session) session.get();
  // Open a new Session, if this Thread has none yet
  if (s == null) {
  s = sessionFactory.openSession();
  session.set(s);
  }
  return s;
  }

  public static void closeSession() throws HibernateException {
  Session s = (Session) session.get();
  session.set(null);
  if (s != null)
  s.close();
  }
  }

6.4 将以下代码保存为testcat.jsp,放入%WebApp%
    <%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="GB2312" %>
    <%@ page import="net.sf.hibernate.Transaction"%>
    <%@ page import="net.sf.hibernate.Session"%>
    <%@ page import="net.sf.hibernate.cfg.*"%>
    <%@ page import="net.sf.hibernate.Query"%>
    <%@ page import="net.sf.hibernate.examples.quickstart.HibernateUtil"%>
    <%@ page import="net.sf.hibernate.examples.quickstart.Cat"%>
    <%@ page import="java.util.*"%>
    <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
    <html>
    <head>
    <title>Lomboz JSP</title>
    </head>
    <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
  <%
  //添加一只Cat

  Session ses = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
  Transaction tx= ses.beginTransaction();

  Cat princess = new Cat();
  princess.setName("chenm");
  princess.setSex('F');
  princess.setWeight(7.4f);

  ses.save(princess);
  tx.commit();

  HibernateUtil.closeSession();

  //读取库里所有Cat

  ses = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
  tx= ses.beginTransaction();

  Query query = ses.createQuery("select c from Cat as c where c.sex = :sex");
  query.setCharacter("sex", 'F');
  for (Iterator it = query.iterate(); it.hasNext();) {
  Cat cat = (Cat) it.next();
  out.println("Female Cat: " + cat.getName() );
  }

  tx.commit();
  HibernateUtil.closeSession();
  %>
  </body>
  </html>

6.5 用http测试,http://localhost:8090/myService/testcat.jsp
    测试结果,看见:Female Cat: chenm

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