#include <boost/thread/thread.hpp>
#include <iostream>
void hello()
{
std::cout <<
"Hello world, I'm a thread!"
<< std::endl;
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
//创建一个thread 这个部分是创建完以后立马回到主进程，让线程去跑就是了。
//这个部分和MPI多机并行环境下的程序设计几乎是一样的。只不过一个是单机上的并行
//一个是分布式环境下的并行。
boost::thread thrd(&hello);
thrd.join();
//等待线程返回
return 0;
}
使用mutex互斥量
#include <boost/thread/thread.hpp>
#include <boost/thread/mutex.hpp>
#include <iostream>
boost::mutex io_mutex;
struct count
{
count(int id) : id(id) { }
void operator()()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
{
boost::mutex::scoped_lock
lock(io_mutex);
std::cout << id << ": "
<< i << std::endl;
}
}
int id;
};
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
boost::thread thrd1(count(1));
boost::thread thrd2(count(2));
thrd1.join();
thrd2.join();
return 0;
}
更加复杂一些，就是加了一个bind要比上面的代码好的地方在于不必使用functor
#include <boost/thread/thread.hpp>
#include <boost/thread/mutex.hpp>
#include <boost/bind.hpp>
#include <iostream>
boost::mutex io_mutex;
void count(int id)
{
for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
{
boost::mutex::scoped_lock
lock(io_mutex);
std::cout << id << ": " <<
i << std::endl;
}
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
boost::thread thrd1(
boost::bind(&count, 1));
boost::thread thrd2(
boost::bind(&count, 2));
thrd1.join();
thrd2.join();
return 0;
}
boost::condition
这个就更加复杂一些
条件变量一般在 mutex 和shared resource的组合中使用.一个进程首先锁定 mutex 然后判断共享资源是不是在可以使用的状态。如果不在那么他就开始等conditional variable.这个操作使得线程在等待的时候 mutex被unlocked 。这样另外一个线程就可以改变共享资源的状态了。这里只要保证在使用共享资源时他的 mutex 是被锁定的就可以了。 当某些进程修改了这样的共享资源时，需要通知一下其他在等待的进程。这样其他进程就可以对出wait状态了。
#include <boost/thread/thread.hpp>
#include <boost/thread/mutex.hpp>
#include <boost/thread/condition.hpp>
#include <iostream>
const int BUF_SIZE = 10;
const int ITERS = 100;
boost::mutex io_mutex;
class buffer
{
public:
typedef boost::mutex::scoped_lock
scoped_lock;
buffer()
: p(0), c(0), full(0)
{
}
void put(int m)
{
scoped_lock lock(mutex);
if (full == BUF_SIZE)
{
{
boost::mutex::scoped_lock
lock(io_mutex);
std::cout <<
"Buffer is full. Waiting..."
<< std::endl;
}
while (full == BUF_SIZE)
cond.wait(lock);
}
buf[p] = m;
p = (p+1) % BUF_SIZE;
++full;
cond.notify_one();
}
int get()
{
scoped_lock lk(mutex);
if (full == 0)
{
{
boost::mutex::scoped_lock
lock(io_mutex);
std::cout <<
"Buffer is empty. Waiting..."
<< std::endl;
}
while (full == 0)
cond.wait(lk);
}
int i = buf[c];
c = (c+1) % BUF_SIZE;
--full;
cond.notify_one();
return i;
}
private:
boost::mutex mutex;
boost::condition cond;
unsigned int p, c, full;
int buf[BUF_SIZE];
};
buffer buf;
void writer()
{
for (int n = 0; n < ITERS; ++n)
{
{
boost::mutex::scoped_lock
lock(io_mutex);
std::cout << "sending: "
<< n << std::endl;
}
buf.put(n);
}
}
void reader()
{
for (int x = 0; x < ITERS; ++x)
{
int n = buf.get();
{
boost::mutex::scoped_lock
lock(io_mutex);
std::cout << "received: "
<< n << std::endl;
}
}
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
boost::thread thrd1(&reader);
boost::thread thrd2(&writer);
thrd1.join();
thrd2.join();
return 0;
}
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