时间抽选基2FFT及IFFT算法C语言实现

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正在学数字信号处理,感觉上学期信号与系统学得不扎实,因为当时只是死记公式,这学期数信老师提倡动手实践,觉得自己在编程中对公式理解得更加深刻了。
以下是我写的FFT,欢迎指教。


/*时间抽选基2FFT及IFFT算法C语言实现*/
/*Author :Junyi Sun*/
/*Copyright 2004-2005*/
/*Mail:[email protected]*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define N 1000
/*定义复数类型*/
typedef struct{
     double real;
     double img;
}complex;

complex x[N], *W; /*输入序列,变换核*/
int size_x=0;     /*输入序列的大小,在本程序中仅限2的次幂*/
double PI;        /*圆周率*/

int main(){
     int i,method;
     void fft();    /*快速傅里叶变换*/
     void ifft();
     void initW();  /*初始化变换核*/
     void change(); /*变址*/
     void add(complex a,complex b,complex *c); /*复数加法*/
     void mul(complex a,complex b,complex *c); /*复数乘法*/
     void sub(complex a,complex b,complex *c); /*复数减法*/
     void divi(complex a,complex b,complex *c);/*复数除法*/
     void output();                            /*输出结果*/
     system("cls");
     PI=atan(1)*4;
     printf("Please input the size of x:\n");
     scanf("%d",&size_x);
     printf("Please input the data in x[N]:\n");
     for(i=0;i<size_x;i++)
           scanf("%lf%lf",&x.real,&x.img);
     initW();
     printf("Use FFT(0) or IFFT(1)?\n");
     scanf("%d",&method);
     if(method==0)
           fft();
     else
           ifft();
     output();
     return 0;
}

/*快速傅里叶变换*/
void fft(){
     int i=0,j=0,k=0,l=0;
     complex up,down;
     change();
     for(i=0;i< (int)( log(size_x)/log(2) );i++){  /*一级蝶形运算*/
           l=( 1<<i );
           for(j=0;j<size_x;j+= (1<<l) ){            /*一组蝶形运算*/
                 for(k=0;k<l;k++){                                /*一个蝶形运算*/
                        mul(x[j+k+l],W[size_x*k/2/l],&up);
                        add(x[j+k],up,&up);
                        mul(x[j+k+l],W[size_x*k/2/l],&down);
                        sub(x[j+k],down,&down);
                        x[j+k]=up;
                        x[j+k+l]=down;
                 }
           }
     }
}

/*快速傅里叶逆变换*/
void ifft(){
     int i=0,j=0,k=0,l=size_x;
     complex up,down;
     for(i=0;i< (int)( log(size_x)/log(2) );i++){  /*一级蝶形运算*/
           l/=2;
           for(j=0;j<size_x;j+= (1<<l) ){            /*一组蝶形运算*/
                 for(k=0;k<l;k++){                                /*一个蝶形运算*/
                       add(x[j+k],x[j+k+l],&up);
                       up.real/=2;up.img/=2;
                       sub(x[j+k],x[j+k+l],&down);
                       down.real/=2;down.img/=2;
                       divi(down,W[size_x*k/2/l],&down);
                       x[j+k]=up;
                       x[j+k+l]=down;
                 }
           }
     }
     change();
}

/*初始化变换核*/
void initW(){
     int i;
     W=(complex *)malloc(sizeof(complex) * size_x);
     for(i=0;i<size_x;i++){
           W.real=cos(2*PI/size_x*i);
           W.img=-1*sin(2*PI/size_x*i);
     }
}

/*变址计算,将x(n)码位倒置*/
void change(){
     complex temp;
     int i=0,j=0,k=0,t;

     for(i=0;i<size_x;i++){
           k=i;j=0;
           t=(unsigned) (log(size_x)/log(2));
           while(t--){
                 j=j<<1;
                 j|=(k & 1);
                 k=k>>1;
           }
           if(j>i){
                 temp=x;
                 x=x[j];
                 x[j]=temp;
           }
     }
}

/*输出傅里叶变换的结果*/
void output(){
     int i;
     printf("The result are as follows\n");
     for(i=0;i<size_x;i++){
           printf("%.4f",x.real);
           if(x.img>=0.0001)printf("+%.4fj\n",x.img);
           else if(fabs(x.img)<0.0001)printf("\n");
           else printf("%.4fj\n",x.img);
     }
}
void add(complex a,complex b,complex *c){
     c->real=a.real+b.real;
     c->img=a.img+b.img;
}

void mul(complex a,complex b,complex *c){
     c->real=a.real*b.real - a.img*b.img;
     c->img=a.real*b.img + a.img*b.real;
}
void sub(complex a,complex b,complex *c){
     c->real=a.real-b.real;
     c->img=a.img-b.img;
}
void divi(complex a,complex b,complex *c){
     c->real=( a.real*b.real+a.img*b.img )/( b.real*b.real+b.img*b.img);
     c->img=( a.img*b.real-a.real*b.img)/(b.real*b.real+b.img*b.img);
}


比如求fft([1,2j,3,4j])
运行过程:
Please input the size of x:
4
Please input the data in x[N]:
1 0
0 2
3 0
0 4
Use FFT(0) or IFFT(1)?
0
The result are as follows
4.0000+6.0000j
-4.0000
4.0000-6.0000j
0.0000

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