.NET开发：利用 WMI 修改计算机的网络设置

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利用 WMI 修改计算机的网络设置

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利用 WMI 修改计算机的网络设置

Montaque（侯永锋）

申明：

1、个人的一点心得，仅供参考
2、转载时候，请保留原本

概述：

在前面的文章中，简要的介绍了如何利用 WMI 获取系统的软硬件设置，有兴趣的可以参考上篇文章（http://www.csdn.net/develop/read_article.asp?id=15744）。今天，我们就如何利用编程的方式读写系统的网络设置，主要包括本地网卡的 IP 地址、网络掩码以及 DNS 服务器和网关等。主要利用Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration WMI 类。

思路：

ManagementObject 类表示数据管理对象，通过利用WQL(WMI Query Language) 筛选符合条件的管理对象，然后调用Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration 类的设置方法。对于 ManagementObject 对象，可以把调用方法的名称和参数传递给InvokeMethod 方法，以获得对管理对象类的方法调用。

Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration 类包含了计算机网络适配器设置相关的一些属性和方法。该类支持与具体网络适配器无关的 TCP/IP 协议和 IPX 协议管理的一些方法和属性。

下面列出了一些 Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration 的属性（托管对象格式）

        class Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration : CIM_Setting

  boolean ArpAlwaysSourceRoute;

  boolean ArpUseEtherSNAP;

  string Caption;

  string DatabasePath;

  boolean DeadGWDetectEnabled;

  string DefaultIPGateway[];

  uint8 DefaultTOS;

  uint8 DefaultTTL;

  string Description;

  boolean DHCPEnabled;

  datetime DHCPLeaseExpires;

  datetime DHCPLeaseObtained;

  string DHCPServer;

  string DNSDomain;

  string DNSDomainSuffixSearchOrder[];

  boolean DNSEnabledForWINSResolution;

  string DNSHostName;

  string DNSServerSearchOrder[];

  boolean DomainDNSRegistrationEnabled;

  uint32 ForwardBufferMemory;

  boolean FullDNSRegistrationEnabled;

  uint16 GatewayCostMetric[];

  uint8 IGMPLevel;

  uint32 Index;

  uint32 InterfaceIndex;

  string IPAddress[];

  uint32 IPConnectionMetric;

  boolean IPEnabled;

  boolean IPFilterSecurityEnabled;

  boolean IPPortSecurityEnabled;

  string IPSecPermitIPProtocols[];

  string IPSecPermitTCPPorts[];

  string IPSecPermitUDPPorts[];

  string IPSubnet[];

  boolean IPUseZeroBroadcast;

  string IPXAddress;

  boolean IPXEnabled;

  uint32 IPXFrameType[];

  uint32 IPXMediaType;

  string IPXNetworkNumber[];

  string IPXVirtualNetNumber;

  uint32 KeepAliveInterval;

  uint32 KeepAliveTime;

  string MACAddress;

  uint32 MTU;

  uint32 NumForwardPackets;

  boolean PMTUBHDetectEnabled;

  boolean PMTUDiscoveryEnabled;

  string ServiceName;

  string SettingID;

  uint32 TcpipNetbiosOptions;

  uint32 TcpMaxConnectRetransmissions;

  uint32 TcpMaxDataRetransmissions;

  uint32 TcpNumConnections;

  boolean TcpUseRFC1122UrgentPointer;

  uint16 TcpWindowSize;

  boolean WINSEnableLMHostsLookup;

  string WINSHostLookupFile;

  string WINSPrimaryServer;

  string WINSScopeID;

  string WINSSecondaryServer;

};

我们可以利用下列代码获取网卡的设置：

代码：

Imports System.Management

Dim searcher As New ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration ")

Dim share As ManagementObject

For Each share In searcher.Get()

MessageBox.Show(share.GetText(TextFormat.Mof))

Next share

结果：

instance of Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration

{

Caption = "[00000001] Intel(R) PRO/100 S Desktop Adapter";

DatabasePath = "%SystemRoot%\\System32\\drivers\\etc";

DefaultIPGateway = {"192.168.0.254"}; ‘网关

Description = "Intel(R) PRO/100 S Desktop Adapter"; ‘这个是惟一的

DHCPEnabled = FALSE;

DNSEnabledForWINSResolution = FALSE;

DNSHostName = "monkey";

DNSServerSearchOrder = {"192.168.0.254", "202.120.190.208"}; ‘两个备选 DNS

DomainDNSRegistrationEnabled = FALSE;

FullDNSRegistrationEnabled = TRUE;

GatewayCostMetric = {1};

Index = 1;

InterfaceIndex = 65539;

IPAddress = {"192.168.0.161"}; ‘本地的 IP

IPConnectionMetric = 20;

IPEnabled = TRUE;

IPFilterSecurityEnabled = FALSE;

IPSecPermitIPProtocols = {"0"};

IPSecPermitTCPPorts = {"0"};

IPSecPermitUDPPorts = {"0"};

IPSubnet = {"255.255.255.0"}; ‘ 掩码

IPXEnabled = FALSE;

MACAddress = "52:54:AB:DD:64:03";

ServiceName = "E100B";

SettingID = "{F5553268-53F8-48F6-A818-1432EEE04AE1}";

TcpipNetbiosOptions = 0;

WINSEnableLMHostsLookup = TRUE;

WINSScopeID = "";

};

如何改变网卡的这些设置呢？我们直接利用 Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration 的一些方法。我们利用到的方法主要有以下：

EnableStatic

启用静态的 TCP/IP 设置，输入两个参数一个是本地
IP 地址，另外一个是网络掩码。

// 一般我们都是利用这个方法设置网卡的 IP 属性

SetGateways

指定一系列的网关

SetDNSServerSearchOrder

以数组的形式传入 DNS 列表

下面是一个 Snippet ，根据列表框显示的网卡 Description 的不同，设置对应地网卡。

主要的代码：

Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load

GetAllConfigurationalleNetCard()

End Sub

‘修改设置

Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click

Dim searcher As New ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration WHERE Description=""" & Me.ComboBox1.SelectedItem.ToString & """")

Dim share As ManagementObject

Dim iResult As Integer = 0 ‘ 判断是否修改成功。如果成功，后面的三个方法返回值都是0，注意返回的值是 Uint32 类型。

For Each share In searcher.Get()

Console.WriteLine(share.GetText(TextFormat.Mof))

If Not (share.Item("IPAddress") Is Nothing) Then

'set address

Dim ipAddresses() As String = {TextBox1.Text} ‘ IP 地址

Dim ipSubnetmask() As String = {TextBox2.Text} ‘掩码

Dim objpara() As Object = {ipAddresses, ipSubnetmask}

iResult += Convert.ToInt32(share.InvokeMethod("EnableStatic", objpara))

Dim ipGateWay() As String = {TextBox3.Text} ‘网关

Dim GatewayCostMetric() As UInt16 = {UInt16.Parse("1")}

Dim objpara1() As Object = {ipGateWay, GatewayCostMetric}

iResult += Convert.ToInt32(share.InvokeMethod("SetGateways", objpara1))

'set Dns Server Serach Order

‘ 多个dns 中间以减号分开

If Me.TextBox4.Text.IndexOf("-") > 0 Then

Dim dnsServers As String() = TextBox4.Text.Split("-")

Dim objpara2() As Object = {dnsServers}

iResult += Convert.ToInt32(share.InvokeMethod("SetDNSServerSearchOrder", objpara2))

Else

Dim dnsServers As String() = {Me.TextBox4.Text}

Dim objpara2() As Object = {dnsServers}

iResult += Convert.ToInt32(share.InvokeMethod("SetDNSServerSearchOrder", objpara2))

End If

If iResult = 0 Then

MessageBox.Show("修改成功")

Else

MessageBox.Show("修改失败，检查输入的格式和您是否有权限")

End If

Next share

End Sub

‘ 获取网卡列表

Private Sub GetAllConfigurationalleNetCard()

Dim searcher As New ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration")

Dim share As ManagementObject

Me.ComboBox1.Items.Clear()

For Each share In searcher.Get()

If Not (share.Item("IPAddress") Is Nothing) Then

Me.ComboBox1.Items.Add(share("Description"))

End If

Next share

Me.ComboBox1.SelectedIndex = 0

End Sub

‘获取网卡的详细信息

Private Sub GetConfiguraton(ByVal description As String)

If description Is Nothing Or description.Length = 0 Then

Exit Sub

Else

Dim searcher As New ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration WHERE Description=""" & description & """")

Dim share As ManagementObject

For Each share In searcher.Get()

Me.TextBox1.Text = DirectCast(share.Item("IPAddress"), String())(0).ToString

Me.TextBox2.Text = DirectCast(share.Item("IPSubnet"), String())(0).ToString

Me.TextBox3.Text = DirectCast(share.Item("DefaultIPGateway"), String())(0).ToString

Dim i As Integer

Me.TextBox4.Clear()

For i = 0 To DirectCast(share.Item("DNSServerSearchOrder"), String()).GetLength(0) - 1

Me.TextBox4.Text &= DirectCast(share.Item("DNSServerSearchOrder"), String())(i).ToString & "-"

If i >= 2 Then

Me.TextBox4.ForeColor = SystemColors.HotTrack

Else

Me.TextBox4.ForeColor = Me.TextBox3.ForeColor

End If

Me.TextBox4.Text = Me.TextBox4.Text.Remove(Me.TextBox4.Text.Length - 1, 1)

Me.TextBox5.Text = share.Item("MACAddress").ToString

Exit For

Next share

End If

End Sub

需要注意的地方：

InvokeMethod 传递的调用方法参数是 Object 类型，需要装箱操作。
EnableStatic SetGateways SetDNSServerSearchOrder 的返回值都是 Uint32，如果执行成功返回0，如果执行成功并且需要重启计算机则返回1。
Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration 方法的这些属性一般都是只读的，调用管理对象的SetPropertyValue 方法无效。

参考：

ms-help://MS.VSCC.2003/MS.MSDNQTR.2003FEB.2052/wmisdk/wmi/win32_networkadapterconfiguration.htm

如果需要详细的代码示例，请给我发 Email: [email protected] 请不要发超过100k的附件，否则直接被 Block 掉：）

2003-10-03 上海

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