算术编码算法

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算术编码算法

  算术编码是把一个信源表示为实轴上0和1之间的一个区间,信源集合中的每一个元素都用来缩短这个区间。

   算术编码的过程如下:

(1)       设定编码区间的高段为h,编码区间的长度为g,EndC为编码字符分配的高段,StartC

为字符分配区间的低端。

(2)       根据有限的信源估算出各元素的概率。

(3)       杜宇编码的元素A1,根据(2)估算的概率和区间,计算出该元素编码后的新的l,和h。其公式如下:

         h = StartC + g* K;

         l = Endc + g* K1;

其具体程序如下:           

             

const  Ca = 0.2;  Ce = 0.3;

      Ci = 0.2;  Co = 0.2;

      Cu = 0.1;

var

  Form1: TForm1;

   s: string;

   StartC, EndC: Extended;

implementation

{$R *.dfm}

procedure ConvertTo(s: string; var StartC, EndC: Extended);{将字符串变为数值}

var n, i: integer;

    c: char;

    g: Extended;

begin

    StartC := 0;

    EndC := 1;

    n := Strlen(Pchar(s));

    for i := 1 to n do

    begin

       c := s[i];

       g := EndC - StartC;

       case C of

       'a':

         begin

            EndC :=StartC  + g * Ca;

            StartC := StartC + g * 0;

         end;

       'e':

          begin

            EndC := StartC + g * (Ca + Ce);

            StartC := StartC + g * Ca;

         end;

       'i':

          begin

            EndC := StartC + g * (Ca + Ce + Ci);

            StartC := StartC + g * (Ca + Ce);

         end;

       'o':

          begin

            EndC := StartC + g * (Ca + Ce + Ci + Co);

            StartC := StartC + g * (Ca + Ce + Ci);

         end;

       'u':

          begin

            EndC := StartC + g * (Ca + Ce + Ci + Co + Cu);

            StartC := StartC + g * (Ca + Ce + Ci + Co);

         end;

       else

           begin

            Showmessage(' 输入的字符串有误 ');

            exit;

           end;

      end;

    end;

end;

procedure NemuricalToStr(var s: String; var StartC, EndC: Extended);

{将数值转换为字符串}

const eps = -1e-5;

begin

  if StartC-0.2 < -eps  then

    if (EndC- 0.2<= -eps) and (EndC > StartC) then

    begin

       StartC := StartC / 0.2;

       EndC := EndC / 0.2;

       s := s + 'a';

       if (StartC <>0) or (EndC <> 1) then

          NemuricaltoStr(s,StartC,EndC);

   end;

  if (StartC- 0.2 >= eps) and (StartC-0.5 < -eps) then

    if (EndC-0.5<= -eps) and (EndC>StartC) then

    begin

       StartC := StartC - 0.2;

       EndC := EndC - 0.2;

       StartC := StartC / 0.3;

       EndC := EndC / 0.3;

       s := s + 'e';

       if (StartC <>0) or (EndC <> 1) then

          NemuricaltoStr(s,StartC,EndC);

  end ;

  if (StartC- 0.5>= eps) and (StartC- 0.7< -eps) then

    if (EndC-0.7<= -eps) and (EndC>StartC) then

    begin

       StartC := StartC - 0.5;

       EndC := EndC - 0.5;

       StartC := StartC / 0.2;

       EndC := EndC / 0.2;

       s := s + 'i';

       if (StartC <>0) or (EndC <> 1) then

          NemuricaltoStr(s,StartC,EndC);

  end ;

  if (StartC-0.7 >= eps) and (StartC-0.9 < -eps) then

    if (EndC-0.9<=-eps) and (EndC>StartC) then

    begin

       StartC := StartC - 0.7;

       EndC := EndC - 0.7;

       StartC := StartC / 0.2;

       EndC := EndC / 0.2;

       s := s + 'o';

       if (StartC <>0) or (EndC <> 1) then

          NemuricaltoStr(s,StartC,EndC);

  end ;

  if (StartC -0.9>=eps) and (StartC-1 < -eps) then

    if (EndC-1<= -eps) and (EndC>StartC) then

    begin

       StartC := StartC - 0.9;

       EndC := EndC - 0.9;

       StartC := StartC / 0.1;

       EndC := EndC / 0.1;

       s := s + 'u';

       if (StartC <>0) or (EndC <> 1) then

          NemuricaltoStr(s,StartC,EndC);

    end;

end;

procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);

begin

   s := Edit1.Text;

   ConvertTo(s,StartC,EndC);

   Edit2.Text := FloattoStr(StartC);

   Edit3.Text := FloattoStr(EndC);

end;

procedure TForm1.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);

begin

    s := '';

    StartC := StrToFloat(Edit2.Text);

    EndC := StrtoFloat(Edit3.Text);

    NemuricalToStr(s,StartC,Endc);

    Edit1.Text := s;

end;

end.

次程序在Delphi6+Windows2000下通过。

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