透析ICMP协议(三): 牛刀初试之一 应用篇ping(ICMP.dll)

透析ICMP协议(三): 牛刀初试之一
 应用篇ping(ICMP.dll)
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这篇文章出自:http://tangentsoft.net/wskfaq/examples/dllping.html
翻译: bugfree/CSDN, 对原始代码加了些注释
平台: VC6 Windows XP

原理简介:
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这个例子演示了应用微软的ICMP.DLL怎样"ping"另一台机器. 这个DLL是没有文档话的发送ICMP回送包API接口, 也称为"pings," 就像潜水员对声纳信号的术语一样. 这段代码出自一个被一个名叫MarkG的家伙的GUI程序, 他的网页已经消失了.

ICMP.DLL API 现在在Windows平台上与微软的Winsocks工作的很好, 但是微软说更好的产品一出来他们将替换它. 微软说这个自从Windows 95时代就在用, 这些功能在在Windows 2000上仍然存在.

For more information on the ICMP.DLL API, check out sockets.com's ICMP API page.
更详细的ICMP.DLL API的信息到sockets.com的ICMP API网页获取.

具体实现:
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// Borland C++ 5.0: bcc32.cpp ping.cpp
// Visual C++ 5.0:  cl ping.cpp wsock32.lib
//
// This sample program is hereby placed in the public domain.

#include <iostream.h>
#include <winsock.h>
#include <windowsx.h>
#include "icmpdefs.h"

==================ping的实现部分==================
int doit(int argc, char* argv[])
{//[bugfree] 建议将这个argc和argv的处理拿到main函数中
    // 检查命令行参数
    if (argc < 2) {
        cerr << "usage: ping <host>" << endl;
        return 1;
    }
   
    // 装载ICMP.DLL连接库
    HINSTANCE hIcmp = LoadLibrary("ICMP.DLL");
    if (hIcmp == 0) {
        cerr << "Unable to locate ICMP.DLL!" << endl;
        return 2;
    }

    // 查找给定机器的IP地址信息
    struct hostent* phe;
    if ((phe = gethostbyname(argv[1])) == 0) {
        cerr << "Could not find IP address for " << argv[1] << endl;
        return 3;
    }

    // 定义函数三个指针类型
    typedef HANDLE (WINAPI* pfnHV)(VOID);
    typedef BOOL (WINAPI* pfnBH)(HANDLE);
    typedef DWORD (WINAPI* pfnDHDPWPipPDD)(HANDLE, DWORD, LPVOID, WORD,
            PIP_OPTION_INFORMATION, LPVOID, DWORD, DWORD); // evil, no?
    //定义三个指针函数
    pfnHV pIcmpCreateFile;
    pfnBH pIcmpCloseHandle;
    pfnDHDPWPipPDD pIcmpSendEcho;
   
    //从ICMP.DLL中得到函数入口地址
    pIcmpCreateFile = (pfnHV)GetProcAddress(hIcmp,  "IcmpCreateFile");
    pIcmpCloseHandle = (pfnBH)GetProcAddress(hIcmp, "IcmpCloseHandle");
    pIcmpSendEcho = (pfnDHDPWPipPDD)GetProcAddress(hIcmp, "IcmpSendEcho");
    if ((pIcmpCreateFile == 0) || (pIcmpCloseHandle == 0) ||
            (pIcmpSendEcho == 0)) {
        cerr << "Failed to get proc addr for function." << endl;
        return 4;
    }

    // 打开ping服务
    HANDLE hIP = pIcmpCreateFile();
    if (hIP == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
        cerr << "Unable to open ping service." << endl;
        return 5;
    }
  
    // 构造ping数据包
    char acPingBuffer[64];
    memset(acPingBuffer, '\xAA', sizeof(acPingBuffer));
    PIP_ECHO_REPLY pIpe = (PIP_ECHO_REPLY)GlobalAlloc( GMEM_FIXED | GMEM_ZEROINIT,
            sizeof(IP_ECHO_REPLY) + sizeof(acPingBuffer));
    if (pIpe == 0) {
        cerr << "Failed to allocate global ping packet buffer." << endl;
        return 6;
    }
    pIpe->Data = acPingBuffer;
    pIpe->DataSize = sizeof(acPingBuffer);     

    // 发送ping数据包
    DWORD dwStatus = pIcmpSendEcho(hIP, *((DWORD*)phe->h_addr_list[0]),
            acPingBuffer, sizeof(acPingBuffer), NULL, pIpe,
            sizeof(IP_ECHO_REPLY) + sizeof(acPingBuffer), 5000);
    if (dwStatus != 0) {
        cout << "Addr: " <<
                int(LOBYTE(LOWORD(pIpe->Address))) << "." <<
                int(HIBYTE(LOWORD(pIpe->Address))) << "." <<
                int(LOBYTE(HIWORD(pIpe->Address))) << "." <<
                int(HIBYTE(HIWORD(pIpe->Address))) << ", " <<
                "RTT: " << int(pIpe->RoundTripTime) << "ms, " <<
                "TTL: " << int(pIpe->Options.Ttl) << endl;
    }
    else {
        cerr << "Error obtaining info from ping packet." << endl;
    }

    // 关闭,回收资源
    GlobalFree(pIpe);
    FreeLibrary(hIcmp);
    return 0;
}
==================主函数==================
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    WSAData wsaData;
    if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(1, 1), &wsaData) != 0) {
        return 255;
    }

    int retval = doit(argc, argv);

    WSACleanup();
    return retval;
}

==================头文件==================
icmpdefs.h
//ICMP.DLL 函数中需要的结构

typedef struct {
    unsigned char Ttl;                         // Time To Live
    unsigned char Tos;                         // Type Of Service
    unsigned char Flags;                       // IP header flags
    unsigned char OptionsSize;                 // Size in bytes of options data
    unsigned char *OptionsData;                // Pointer to options data
} IP_OPTION_INFORMATION, * PIP_OPTION_INFORMATION;

typedef struct {
    DWORD Address;                             // Replying address
    unsigned long  Status;                     // Reply status
    unsigned long  RoundTripTime;              // RTT in milliseconds
    unsigned short DataSize;                   // Echo data size
    unsigned short Reserved;                   // Reserved for system use
    void *Data;                                // Pointer to the echo data
    IP_OPTION_INFORMATION Options;             // Reply options
} IP_ECHO_REPLY, * PIP_ECHO_REPLY;
  

链接:
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我的其它文章,<<透析ICMP协议>>, 和其它文章参见:
http://www.csdn.net/develop/author/netauthor/bugfree/

联系方式:
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 [email protected]  

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